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Unit four
① Sleep is better than medicine.(Proverb)
Good health relies more on a good night’s sleep than on medicine.
② A dream is a wish your heart makes, when you’re fast sleep.(Disney World advertisement) A dream reflects what you really feel in your subconscious world.
③. A light supper, a good night’s sleep, and a fine morning have often made a hero of the same man who, by indigestion, a restless night, and a rainy morning, would have proved a coward.(Lord Chesterfield 1694-1773, British Statesman, Author) When one refrains from having a big supper, enjoys a good night’s sleep, and wakes up to a beautiful morning, he/she will feel like a hero. But if the same person eats too much in the evening, not sleeping well throughout the night, and wakes up to rainy morning, he/she may suffer from a lack of confidence.
Reference answers to the exercises Reading One
Check your comprehension
1. By sleeping in total darkness during the day and working under bright lights that simulate
sunlight, rather than conventional indoor lighting.
2. It relaxes muscles and stimulates the release of endorphins—chemicals that act as natural pain
relieves. 3. No.
4. We need to keep a meal schedule to get a good sleep.
5. We should refrain from a) eating too late in the evening; b) eating heavy or spicy food in the
evening; and c) snacking in the middle of the night.
6. The side effects of taking sleeping pills are: a) feeling groggy; b) insomnia getting worse; c)
developing a tolerance for sleeping pills: and d) a potentially fatal blood disorder with some sleeping pills.
7. Alcohol suppresses restorative dream sleep, causes numerous short awakenings and may but
unrepressed toward morning.
8. We can read a book, listen to quiet music, take a hot bath or try relaxation techniques, such as
meditation or yoga.
9. Lights absorbed through the eyes can reset our biological clocks and make our sleep problems
worse.
10. We should stay in bed because we would still get some rest that way.
Check your vocabulary
1. Because exercise can relax muscles and increase the release of endorphins, which are
chemicals that are natural agents to reduce or get rid of pain, it helps to overcome stress.
2. There are no special foods to help you sleep, but you can have a regular timetable for your
meals, just like a regular sleep timetable. A regular timetable for your meals helps keep your body clock running smoothly.
3. Your body can also become used to the pills, and after a while they are no longer effective and
you need larger doses or stronger drugs.
4. Alcohol reduces refreshing dream sleep, causes numerous short awakenings and, once its
calming effects have disappeared, may leave you wide awake but unrepressed toward mooring.
5. The researches used bright light which is as strong as natural sunlight just after dawn (at least
100 times stronger than ordinary room light), which reset subjects’ body clocks by as much as 12 hours and made them as alert at midnight as they would ordinarily be at noon.
Reading Two
Check your comprehension FTFFFTT
Check your vocabulary
1. spontaneous; 2. provoke; 3. integrity; 4. thrives; 5. inflict; 6. universal; 7. illusion; 8. revert
Reading Three
1.a; 2. d; 3. b; 4. c; 5. c
Check your vocabulary
1. aggression; 2. symbolic; 3. disguise; 4. fulfillment; 5. represent; 6. reconstruct; 7. anxious;8. guilt; 9. therapist; 10. illuminate; 11. random; 12. spare
Reading Four
Check your comprehension A TFTTTFT
Check your vocabulary A
1. image; 2. mood; 3. up-bringing; 4. inanimate; 5. folkloric; 6. depressed; 7. acknowledge; 8 in combination with; 9. relieve
Check your vocabulary B
1. indifferent; 2. revolve; 3. monochrome; 4. passionate; 5. decipher; 6. inspired; 7. allusion; 8. correlated
Post-reading
A. Getting to sleep at night and waking up in the morning are two perennial problems for
human beings, who do not always regard sleep as very important. The importance we attach to sleep is correlated with what kind of beds we use for sleep and how highly we rate beds in our life. B. 1. b; 2. c; 3. d; 4. a; 5. a
Unit Five
1. Interpretation of the quotations
① The physical dimension involves caring effectively for our physical body—eating the right kinds of foods, getting sufficient rest and relaxation, and exercising on a regular basis. (Stephen R. Covey) The measurement of the elements relating to our body involves paying close attention to our body and keeping it in a healthy state by eating the right kind of food, getting enough rest and relaxation, and exercising regularly.
② Early in life, people give up their health to gain wealth…In later life, people give up some of their wealth to regain health! (Ken Blanchard) When people are still young, they earn money at the expense of their health…When they get old, they spend money in order to restore their health.
③. Remind yourself of the exorbitant price you can pay for worry in terms of your health. Those who do not know how to fight worry die young. (Dale Carnegie) Remember that worrying beyond a reasonable limit can affect your health adversely. Those who do not know how to control worry die at an early age.
Reference answers to the exercises Reading One
Check your comprehension A TFTFTFT
Check your vocabulary
1. While many people in China and Chinatowns in other parts of the world have already known
a lot about Tai Chi, the western researchers are just coming up from behind to reach the level of knowledge about Tai Chi from different perspectives.
2. You can learn Tai Chi by following an instruction book or attending a Tai Chi class. Either
way the aim is to practice it in accordance with your physical health.
3. Tai Chi is a mixture of relaxation and safety. If pains is experienced, it means you are
overdoing it and getting nothing.
4. You may need to practice Tai Chi for several months before you can feel the effects it may
bring. But when you start enjoying the effects, you’ll find yourself on your way to a new lifestyle.
5. For older people, Tai Chi will not be the solution to all health problems.
6. Though young people might prefer athletic activities that are more physically demanding,
they can also benefit from practicing Tai Chi as it helps to reduce stress.
Reading Two
Check your comprehension 1. d; 2.b; 3. d; 4. a; 5. c; 6.d Check your vocabulary A
1. scooped up; 2. prone; 3. inflicted; 4. cut back on; 5. set in; 6. shed; 7. modest; 8. bypass
Check your vocabulary B.
1. I thought I could not be affected by the gradual weakening of the body that other people
seemed to be afflicted with when getting old.
2. Your body is till in very good condition considering the fact that you are elderly. I hope
doctors like me will be out of work because old people like you are healthy.
3. Now as I began to walk the distance painstakingly, walking only two street blocks took me an
hour.
4. Once again I can compete with younger players.
Reading Three
Check your comprehension B TTFTFF
Check your vocabulary A
1. put an end to…; 2. counterproductive; 3. refined; 4. blink; 5. spill over; 6. view…as; 7. account for; 8. withhold
Check your vocabulary B.
1. in response to; 2. was denounced; 3. elicited; 4. devastating; 5. hold back; 6. welled up; 7 film; 8. bid
Reading Four
Check your comprehension A FTTFFT
Check your vocabulary A
1. quantify; 2. to date; 3. subsequent; 4. exposure; 5. promptly; 6. conceivable; 7. precaution; 8. preliminary; 9.bout
Check your vocabulary B
1. Previous studies suggested that patients who had been given medial treatment for
nonmelanoma skin cancers ran a greater risk of developing new tumors. But these studies were too limited to lead to authoritative and complete results.
2. It is shown in the findings that people with prior skin cancers are at much greater risk than
researchers have thought.
3. The researcher team followed every participant and trailed each case of new skin cancer that
developed fro a continuation of five years.
4. When exposed to the sun, people who easily get sunburned were at a greater risk of getting
another nonmelanoma skin cancer.
5. The older you are, the more likely you will be affected by skin cancers. That’s because the
amount of damage to health caused by the exposure to the sun is increased year after year.
Post-reading 1-5 B C A A D
Unit Six
Part One: Interpretation of the quotations
1. True friendship is like good health. We often do not appreciate its existence until we lose it. 2. A good wish to make friends may come to our minds easily and quickly, but establishing a
true friendship takes a long time and efforts, in the same way as fruit slowly ripens.
3. If you want to succeed in gaining the support and loyalty of a man with his dedication to your
goal, you have to first prove to him that you are his true friend.
Reference answers to the exercises Reading One
Check your comprehension A. FTTFFT
Check your vocabulary
1. Friendship does not rely on judgment. You may feel the goodness in a friend, but the goodness
was acknowledged after you had made friends with him.
2. If you only want those who possess good qualities to be your friends because you have good
qualities, you are far from getting true friendship just as you can hardly build up true friendship if you are after friendship out of the motivation of gaining profits.
3. So if one knows what friendship really means, he would never put an end to it only because
his friend happens to be lacking respectability in character.
4. We should remain humble before friendship and love because we are granted this free gift. We
should feel ashamed rather than pleased and happy when we are no longer humble because friendship and love are gone.
5. Our judgments and penalties have to be part of our life as we pay men and dress them in the
court suit and let them be the judges to make judgments on other men.
Reading Two
Check your comprehension A FFFTT
Check your vocabulary A
1. knot; 2. accommodate; 3. slip away; 4. be treated like dirt; 5. loosen the rein; 6. promptly; 7. kiss up to; 8. stretch; 9. halt; 10. keep bottled up
Check your vocabulary B
1. ram; 2. dissipate; 3. smashed; 4. were ostracized; 5. rein; 6. briefly; 7. gave way; 8. were going
蒋静仪 阅读教程2 课后习题答案（含quotations）
Unit One Human Relationship
1. Interpretation of the quotations
① No man can be separated from the society and disconnected with other people as an island is isolated from the mankind. The inherent(内在的) oneness of mankind is just like a whole mass land. ②. when you deal with issues about yourself, try to be calm, reasonable and intelligent; but when you deal with issues about other people, you need to be affectionate, sincere and sympathetic. ③ Here is an easy-to-follow, buy established and uncontroversial model for getting along with other people successfully. You just face and accept any serious misfortune or failure peacefully, as if it were something of litter significance or value; but never treat some ordinary, commonplace things as if they were extremely serious. Reference answers to the exercises Reading One:
Check your comprehension 1-5 ADCCB
Check your vocabulary
1. Fisher and Ury’s theory is based on the belief that the ―win or lose‖ model does not work
when two sides try to reach an agreement.
2. Use positive statements surrounding ideas that are negative.
3. You can often successfully resolve differences if you try this collaborative approach. Reading Two
Check your vocabulary
Resisted; frustration; fluttered; jerked; restless; haltingly; gratefully; thoughtless Reading Three
Check your comprehension 1-7 FTFFTFT
Check your vocabulary
Administrative; meekly; hysterical; requisition; deposit; severe Confronted; spluttered; irate; bogus; purchase Reading four
Check your comprehension 1-6 FTTTFT
Check your comprehension
1. How often does this seriously affect people’s communication and make them fail in building
good relationships?
2. Every time parents and children disagree with each other, specialists often explain that
―generation gap‖ is the reason.
3. We are not sure whether the term is an acceptable explanation because the word ―generation‖
is used, but the other word ―gap‖ can be applied when analyzing people’s different opinions. 4. Specialists in communication immediately challenge this belief and view it in a different way. 5. A speaker may not speak as fast as the listener can think.
6. Because they have free time to spend by themselves, the listeners probably think of other
things and no longer concentrate.
7. As people’s interests vary, when the topic does not attract them, the listeners stop listening. 8. If the speaker does not give a good impression because of his looks or other matters, the
listener would probably refuse to follow what the speaker says. Check your vocabulary A 1. give rise to 2. arise from 3. imply 4. facilitate 5. sound
6. carry away 7. gesture 8. exercise 9. tune in
Check your vocabulary B
disposal; distractions; facilitate; resort; skip; contributes; deserted; solution Post-reading
A. Through several incidents in childhood, Mary learned from her father how to listen to other’s
criticisms, hear the truth in the criticisms, and respect her own opinion. When she grew up, she did her Daddy advised and made achievements in her career. B. 1-5 DBDAB
Unit Two
1. Interpretation of the quotations
① Little children, headache; big children, heartache.(Italian Proverb)
In terms of problems that children give to their parents, big children are far troublesome than little children.
② Mother Nature is providential. She gives us twelve years to develop a love for our children before turning them into teenagers. (William Galvin) Mother Nature has designed everything for us. She gives us twelve years to establish a close and affectionate parent-child bond before they become troublesome teenagers who keep giving us headaches.
③. Adolescents are not monsters. They are just people trying to learn how to make it among the adults in the world, who are probably not so sure themselves. ~Virginia Satir, The New Peoplemaking, 1988 Adolescents are not frightening creatures. They are just people trying to learn how to make it among the adults in the world, who are properly not so sure themselves. (Virginia Satir)
Reference answers to the exercises Reading One
Check your compression A 1-6 TFTTFF
Check your comprehension B
1. to be independent/ independence/ freedom/ their own lives 2. primitive/ simple/ tribal way 3. become adults
4. frustrated, rebellious, restless 5. became/ were furious 6. the house key
Check your vocabulary
shelter; sit up; rein; adapt; primitive; puberty; lenient; worked out
Reading two
Check your comprehension B 1-6 FFTTFT
Check your vocabulary 1-5 ACAAC
Reading Three
Check your comprehension A 1-5 TFTFT
Check your comprehension B
1. One child sits in a chair and sticks out his/her leg so that another one running by is launched
like a space shuttle.
2. Several children run to the same door, grab the same handle, and beat each other up, ignoring
the fact that there are other doors available.
3. In restaurants, small children cast their bread on the water in the glasses the waiter has just
brought.
4. A child uses a chair to slip to the floor.
5. They yell at each other with one sticking his/her foot inside the door and waving it around,
and the other being disgusted but refusing to close the door.
Check your vocabulary A
1. You have decided to give up the joys of producing copies of some great art pieces at your own
ease in order to instead produce copies of yourselves, who keep you on the edge of desperation.
2. ―Well,‖ I said, searching deep inside myself to give a paternal suggestion, ―The best way is to
close your door.‖]
3. And we decided to have children not for the reason of making my wife look older.
4. We did not plan to lose the days when we went shopping after enjoying a comfortable brunch
together on fine Saturdays. Check your vocabulary B
intimate; confess; make up; ceaseless; yell; paternal; rewarding
Reading Four
Check your comprehension A 1-4 DADB
Check your comprehension B 1-6 TTTFFT
Check your vocabulary A
manipulative; thrives; squeaked; sabotaged; penetrated; suffocating; juggle; persona
Check your vocabulary B.
nasty; sting; addiction; sneak; lease; rigid
tactics; unconditional; verge; encounter; frankly
Post Reading
B. 1-8 TTTF FTFT
Unit Three
1. Interpretation of the quotations
① Beauty more than bitterness makes the heart break.(Sara Teasdale
Beauty is good and of value. But the pursuit of beauty at the cost of other things may cause even bigger trouble than what pain and hardship will bring about.
② There is no excellent beauty that hath not some strangeness in the proportion.(Francis Bacon) Any beautiful thing is not perfectly proportional. Some deviation from standard is not only allowed but also necessary for beauty to show its characteristics.
③. If you get simple is beauty and nought else, you get about the best ting God invents.(Robert Browning) Simple beauty is the best thing that you can be awarded of all the things in the world.
Robert Browning (7 May 1812 – 12 December 1889) was an English poet and playwright whose mastery of dramatic verse, especially dramatic monologues, made him one of the foremost Victorian poets.
Reference answers to the exercises Reading one
Check your comprehension 1-7 TTFTTFF
Check your vocabulary
1. Some people prefer black hair, but other people like brown hair more.
2. You have been so greatly influenced by the environment you are in that you tend to look at
beauty that way.
3. Women’s magazines, advertisements and the media all focus their topics on appearance and
looks, and they keep warning you about the harm and risk of bad breath, sweat, being too fat or too thin.
4. The image you form about yourself may be very inaccurate.
5. Good looks shouldn’t exactly follow the model of any particular individual.
Reading two
Check your comprehension A
1. They were 202 primary school students, most of them aged eight and nine.
2. Children as young as seven were unhappy with their bodies and nearly one-in-three girls and
boys wanted to thinner.
3. It was ―worrying that a number of the children have these sorts of beliefs and attitudes,‖ and
that there are more children with early-onset anorexia, which ―is usually a lot more difficult to treat and usually a lot more severe,‖ though only a minority would go on to develop an eating disorder.
4. Ms. Thomas said children needed to learn that any body shape was acceptable and they should
be proud of their body.
5. He felt sad and guilty as a professional on the eating disorder research program.
Check your comprehension B1-5 TFTFT
Check your vocabulary
indictment; predisposes; purge; specialist; dietary; nominated; onset
Reading three
Check your comprehension A 1-5 CCDAC
Check your comprehension B 1-5 FFFTT
Check your vocabulary
perused; previous; desperately; convince; belittle; complimented; elated; addicted
Reading Four
Check your comprehension A 1-6 FTFFTF
Check your vocabulary A
peck away; stand out; mould; advance; release...from; normality; hailed
Post-reading B. 1-5 CACCD
about; 9. slashed; 10. stoically; 11. clunked
Check your vocabulary C
1. So I never said anything to show my unwillingness of going to the boarding school, though all
my senses could feel the reluctance of such a trip.
2. I got to know later that the school’s counselor had asked my mother to leave unnoticed
without saying goodbye to me in order to avoid the outburst of sad emotions.
3. Not only did we refuse to admit the feeling of missing our dead parents, but also the fact that
they were with us before. And we kept it as secret deep in our mind.
4. The only thing we can complain about is that Carneys are too good to us and some of you are
making use of their goodness.
5. Everyone thinks you were making up to the Carneys. Many boys are angry at your act of
flattery.
6. It was a place where the restraints and the outward aggressive appearance of being unwilling
to compromise gave way to something subtle that started changing our behavior.
7. Like the other boys, I also wanted to free myself of the burden I could no longer carry in
mind.
8. But we didn’t carry a photo of our dead fathers with us, and we even didn’t keep one in our
rooms. Photos were generally regarded as something that could too easily remind us of the happy life we had spent with our dead parents; much happier and more normal than the life we had now.
Reading Three
Check your comprehension B FFTFT
Check your vocabulary
1. address; 2. shift; 3 prior; 4. circled; 5. stung; 6. weaves; 7. makeup; 8.retrieved; 9. dampened; 10. deserve; 11. faithfully; 12. tinfoil; 13. crushes; 14. glamour
Reading Four
Check your comprehension TFTTFT
Check your vocabulary
1. collapsed; 2.ignited; 3. a handful of; 4. clean up; 5. shut off; 6. spark; 7. forecasted; 8. hangs out; 9. rush; 10. in advance
Post-reading B.
1-5DCBCBC
Unit seven culture and customs
Part One; interpretation of the quotations
1. Culture is not only the positive result of meaningful education, but also the results of people’s
feeling, judgments about things and ways of behaving.
2. Culture is not only reflected in books and architectures, but also in our clothing, gestures as
head movements and postures as the way we talk and so on.
3. People are tending to be satisfied with the most ordinary things around them; they mark few
impressions of the beautiful and perfect things in mind, though they should appreciated those to keep their feelings alive. Therefore, everyone ought to do at least one thing, such as hearing a little song, reading a good poem, seeing a beautiful picture, or even speaking a few reasonable words.
Reference answers to the exercises Check your comprehension B FFTTT
Check our vocabulary
1. resorted to; 2. aversion; 3. adaptation; 4. deprived of; 5. detrimental; 6. generate; 7. nurture
Reading Two
Check your vocabulary
1. prestige/status; 2. defined; 3. respectively; 4. scheduled; 5. average; 6. status; 7. prestige; 8. lateness
Reading Three
Check your comprehension A FTFTFT
Check your vocabulary
1. The boy felt apprehensive of the day for him to return home.
2. The student was brought in front of the blackboard to account for his behavior. 3. Although they are brothers, they have little in common.
4. When he first came to America, he couldn’t adapt to the rapid pace of change.
5. They felt puzzled when they were doing the project, because the principles were alien to
them.
6. Compared with other women of her age, she was indeed luckier.
Reading Four
1. She would accompany us across the seven long, hilly blocks and put us before the
serious-looking principal though we were unwilling and crying.
2. Very often I tried to avoid being connected to my annoying, loud grandmother who followed
after me when I was walking around casually in the nearby American supermarket outside Chinatown.
3. He treated my mother severely and unkindly and very often criticized her substandard English,
which was mixed with Chinese.
4. When he made a mistake in English, he would blame her for it.
Check your vocabulary B
1. heritage; 2. dissuade; 3. mustiness; 4. outshout; 5. chaotic; 6. be hard on someone; 7. corner
Post-reading
1. US; 2. J; 3. J; 4. J; 5. US; 6. J; 7. US; 8. J; 9. US; 10. US
Unit Eight About Language
Part One: Interpretation of the quotations
1. The language ability is the only human characteristic that makes a human being different from
other forms of life.
2. If all other things remain equal, every human brain has the same structure that can react to any
factors which cause a reaction. This is why a baby can learn any language because it has the same reaction to the same stimulus as any other baby.
3. Language is not the work of the intellectuals or dictionary-makers. Rather, it is the product of
generations of people’s work, needs, relationships, and happiness and it is broadly and deeply rooted among common people.
Reference answers to the exercises Check your vocabulary
1. The international languages for pilots and air traffic controllers, airspeak, and for for
policemen, policespeak, have English as their base.
2. Because of the influence of Hollywood movies and pop music, many new learners of English
have already learned some English.
3. Some countries think that the use of English can damage or call into question their identity as
people or nation.
4. For people with different first language, English, as a second language, has enabled them to
communicate with each other without difficulty.
Reading Two
Check your comprehension B TTFTF
Check your vocabulary
1. origin(s); 2. speculate; 3. predispose; 4. Syntax; 5. contentment; 6. eventually
Reading Three
Check your comprehension A. 1-5 FTTFT; 6-10 TFTFF
Check your comprehension B
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