2023年三孔导游词范本汇编 第一篇
女士们、先生们:你们好!
欢迎来到xx.xx是我国古代伟大的思想家、家、培育家孔子的故乡,全国首批公布的24个历史文化名城之一.孔子有句名言:"有朋自远处来,不亦乐乎."今天,我有 幸为各位担任导游,十分开心.我将尽力为大家提供满义的服务,不足之处,请批评指正.
xx概况 在参观"三孔"之前,请允许我把xx概况介绍一下:
xx地处鲁xxx和鲁西南平原的交界处,北依泰x,南引峄x,东连沂蒙群x,西俯千畴平原.地势东高西低,境内泗河、沂河等河流均自东向西流淌,自古就有"胜人门前倒流水"之说.物产丰富,景色宜人.大诗人李白曾描写xx:"笑夸故人指绝境,x光水色青如兰".
xx历史悠久,早在五六千年前,我们的先人就在这儿繁衍生息,创造了人类早期的文明.不少古籍x,还有炎帝、少吴徙都于xx,黄帝生于寿丘(xx城东8里 处),舜于寿丘作什器的记载.可见,x国远古时代最有影响的三皇五帝x就有四人在xx留下了行踪.尽管这是传说,但也并不是毫无根剧的.从境内保存下来的 20余处大汶口文化和龙x文化遗止x仍可见到我们的先人怔服自然的遗迹. "xx"一名最早见于礼记>>.东汉应劭解释说:"鲁城东有x,委x长七八里,故名xx."商代前期,xx名奄,是商王朝的重要属国.周代自"封周公于xx"800余年,xx为鲁国都城,是当时我国一个重要的、经济、文化x心.春秋时期,孔子首创私人讲学之风,"三千,贤者七十有二"遍及全国各地,又成了当时的培育x心.
鲁国是驱x历史上的黄金时期,以"礼仪之邦"著称于世,故x东省现仍沿用"鲁"作为简称.公元前 249年,楚灭鲁,置鲁县,秦代属薛郡,西汉时为鲁国都,魏晋南北朝时为鲁郡治.隋开皇十六年(596年),首定xx为县名.宋代改称仙源县,金代恢复xx县名到现在.1986年撤县制,始称xxx.现面积为890平方公里,人口60余万. 悠久的历史,灿烂的文化,给xx留下了大量的文物古迹,主要的有110余处,其x孔庙、孔府、孔林及鲁国故城遗止被列为全国首批公布的要点文物保护单位,另有11处列为全省重要文物保护单位."三孔"还于1994年被列为全天下文化遗产.
新x国建立后,特别是党的十一届三x全会以来,党和国家灵导人对xx的文物古迹十分关注,国家先后拨款3000多万元对"三孔"进行了全体修茸.近年来,为了大力发展旅游事业,xx又湘继开发建设了孔子六艺城、论语碑苑、鲁国盛丗华夏文化城等一批新的旅游景点,变成人文与自然景观,新老景点浑然一体,相映生辉的旅游资源新格局,成为x外游人象往的文化旅游胜地.
孔庙的第一座石坊叫"金声玉振坊".孟子对孔子曾有过如此的评价,他说:"孔子之谓集大成,集大成者,金声而玉振之也"."金声、玉振"表示奏乐的全过程,以击钟开始,以击磐告终,比喻孔子的思想集古圣先贤之大成.石坊上面莲花宝座上各刻有一个独角怪兽称"辟邪",也叫"朝天吼",这是封建社会王嚼府第才可使用的视物.
孔庙第一道门叫"棂星门"."棂星"又名天田星,古人祭天,先要祭棂星."棂星门"三个字为乾隆所书."太和元气"坊同"金声玉振"坊差不多,题字为明代x东巡抚曾铣手书,攒颂孔子思想如同天地生育万物.此院东西各有一座腰门,东边上书"德侔天地相同大,他的学说古今来说都是最佳的".这座门叫"圣时门",达,西边为伴官厅,为正七品,据说,过去官员赴京朝拜天子,一些只允许一主两伴,而仅有"衍圣公"可以一主四伴.
三堂,也叫退厅,也是衍圣公私设公堂,处理家庭内部事务的场所.以上三个大堂,层层叠进,很是森严,足显出孔府的圣威和显赫.
三堂过后,我们进入"内宅",在过去,内宅决对不许擅入,有皇帝赐给的虎尾棍、燕翅镗、金头玉棍,由十几人仑流把守,有不遵令入内者,"打死勿论".内宅门西边这个水槽叫石流,过去挑水夫不得进入内宅,只把水倒进石流,淌入内宅.
内宅门的内壁上画着一个形似麒麟的动物,叫"贪",是传说x的贪懒之兽,能吞下金银才宝,你看它连八仙的珍宝都吃掉了,还要去吃太阳.据说当年"衍圣公"出门时,都要驻足观看此画,并有人喊"过贪门",以戒要清正廉洁,不要贪脏枉法.这对于我们现在的官员和"公仆"们,是不是也有借鉴和启發呢?
这是前上房,有正厅7间,是孔府主人接待至亲和朋友的地方,当年孔府戏斑在此演戏,东侧间有乾隆皇帝送给孔府的荆根床,桌上有同治皇帝圣脂原件,x间是404件满汉全席餐具,菜多达196道,可想孔府菜之丰盛.西里间,为衍圣公签阅文件之处.
前堂楼是七间二层楼阁,富丽堂皇,室内陈摄布置,全为当年原貌,内有鉁奇字画墨宝、古玩衣冠,里套间为孔子后代孔令贻娘子陶氏睡房,这是孔德成先生的生母,到现在尚有她的像片,她原是孔府丫环,后被纳妾,生下孔德成,但被陶氏害死.西套间是孔令贻另一娘子丰氏的睡房,此人一世无声无息,27岁就死去了.
这个院子是后堂楼,各有配楼三间,后堂楼是孔德成先生当年结婚的地方,堂x陈列着当年结婚的用品和名人赠送的礼物和题字.孔德成结婚时,正直西安亊变期间,本来先生要亲自参加婚礼,但遭到将领张学良、杨虎成的逮捕,自然,他也就不能参加这结果一代衍圣公的隆重婚礼了.
我们现在参观孔府后花园,它建于明弘治20xx年(公元1520xx年),由吏部尚书太子太傅,也是孔子62代孙衍圣公孔闻韶的亲家李东阳设计监工建造的,到了明嘉靖年间,太子太傅、吏部尚书、当朝权臣严嵩又助修建,严嵩的孙女嫁给了孔子64代衍圣公孔尚贤为一品娘子.到了清代,乾隆将自己的女儿嫁给了72代衍圣公孔宪培,又为修建孔府花园大动土木,经过前后三次大修,花园成了现在的规模,面积比故宫的花园还要大些.这儿面有各种奇花异草,古树名石如"五柏抱槐""太湖石假x"等,请各位随意光赏一下.
孔府存有大量无比鉁贵的文物,尤其是十余万卷孔府档案,更是稀世文物,为了保护这些文物,在同志特此下,拨款修建了孔府档案馆,现在,这些文物和档案得到了很好的保存.
2023年三孔导游词范本汇编 第二篇
尊敬的各位游客:
大家好!欢迎来到圣地xx!我是你们的导游陈柯润,大家叫我小陈就可以了.今天,就由我来带领你们游览x外闻名的三孔:孔府、孔庙、孔林.孔子有句名言:"有朋自远处来,不亦乐乎?" 我有幸担任导游,十分开心!我将尽力为大家服好务,如有不足之处,请指出来,我一定尽量改正!
进入孔府的大门,由此向后分为三路,东路建有一贯堂、慕思堂等;西路是孔府当年接待贵宾和读书习礼的地方,有忠恕堂、安怀堂、花厅等; x路大部分都是孔府的主要建筑,前半部分是官衙,后半部分是内宅.
孔庙本是孔氏家庭的家庙,庙内有孔子亲手载种的桧树,主要建筑是大成殿,殿前有著名的九龙柱和杏坛,后因为孔子受到鳟崇,许多封建帝王都到这儿来祭祀孔子,现在,我们xxx举办的一年一度的"国际孔子文化节"也都是在这儿拮开序幕.
孔林是孔子家里的专用墓地,也是全天下上历时最久、规模最大的家庭墓地,占地3000多亩.林x有数百种树木10万多株,在万木掩映之x,碑石林立,石像成群,十分壮观!
好啦,现在开始自由活动三个小时,大家可以自由参观一下,也可以做游戏、购物等,但必须保证卫生,不能乱扔垃圾.
参观三孔的活动至此洁束,谢谢大家对我工作的支持!期待大家的再次光临!
2023年三孔导游词范本汇编 第三篇
xx三孔,雄伟壮丽,它不仅是儒家文化的载体,更是x华文明的沧桑足迹!下面是带来的x东三孔导游词,稀望可以帮助到大家.
早知xx是孔子的家乡,这是我仰幕已久的地方.于是,今年的暑假我和爸爸妈妈就一起去到xx参观著名的三孔——孔庙、孔府、孔林.
最初,我们去了孔庙.在x国,孔庙有很多,但历史最久、规模最大、等级最高应属位于x东xxx南门内的第一座孔庙,它又称圣庙,与故宫、承德避暑x庄并称东方三大古建筑群.我们沿着护城河慢漫上前走,导游阿姨边走边介绍说:"护城河是一条很奇怪的河,它不是顺路而行的,而是逆行的……"听着听着,不知不觉x我们渐渐地走到了孔庙.
走进大门,"金声玉振"四个大字在阳光的照摄下闪闪生辉."这个石门究竟有着怎么样的来历呢?"我心理暗想,终于,我把这个疑问说了出来,"孟子对孔子有过如此的评价:'孔子之谓集大成.集大成者,金声而玉振之也.金声也者,始条理也;玉振之也者,终条理也'.'金声'、'玉振'表示奏乐的全过程,以击钟开始,这正是金声,以击磐告终,这正是玉振.以此象征孔子思想集古圣先贤之大成,攒颂孔子对文化的巨大贡献.为了纪念这个小典故,后人把孔庙门前的第一座石坊命名为'金声玉振'."导游阿姨应声回答,真不愧是导游阿姨啊!
走完孔庙,那当然要走走孔府啦!孔府是孔子的子孙后代住的地方,孔府有大厅、有大堂、有楼房.东边是庙,西边是学蹚,x间是建筑物.建筑物十分高大、雄伟.孔府的后花园里有池塘,池塘里有许许多多的小锦鲤,在池塘里自由自在地游来游去.
结果,我们去了孔林,孔林是孔子及生生世世子孙的墓地,也是全天下上最大的家族墓地.园内古木森森,林下墓家累累,碑蝎林立,石仪成队.
xx三孔,雄伟壮丽,它不仅是儒家文化的载体,更是x华文明的沧桑足迹!
篇二:x东三孔导游词
经过8个小时的颠簸,终于来到了xx.一下车,就看到一座古城墙屹立于此,导游说:"这是鲁国的城墙,明代曾维修过.""怪不得这城墙焕然一新呢!"大家异口同声地说.
走进城墙,古老的孔庙便映入眼帘,前面是三座牌房,后面才是大门.走进大门,一座座古老的庙域矗立在眼前,金碧辉煌,颇有故宫的味道:柱子上雕刻着龙,浮雕上刻的也是龙.为什么孔庙这样豪华?导游说,这孔庙是各朝帝王朝拜孔子的地方,经过多朝扩建而成,当然华丽啦!为什么要对孔子这样尊敬?因为孔子是儒家学派的创始人,他的把他饱含哲理的言语集结成.现代人们都说"半部论语治天下".还把"己所不欲勿施于人"装裱在醒眼位置时时提醒全天下.可见有多么的重要,和人们对孔子多么的敬重.接着我们看了几个石碑,就匆匆赶往孔府.
来到了孔府,孔庙的华丽依然如故,仿佛有一股浓浓的书香扑鼻而来,十分朴素.导游把我们带到了一个大讲堂上,讲台上方挂着孔子的画像,据说这是当年孔子讲学的地方.我们立刻也坐上了座位,想当一趟孔子的学生.然后我们看了孔子及他的后代居住的场所后,就像孔林奔去.
来到了孔林,坐上电动车,环顾四周,大片大片绿葱葱的树林x的崆地上全是坟墓,周围鸦雀无声,仅有一两缕阳光从密密的树叶x透射到黄土地上,其余全被茂密的大树当了个严俨实实,十分阴森,令人不战而栗.
我们坐着电动车转了一圈后,就离去了孔林,洁束了我们的"三孔之旅".
篇三:x东三孔导游词
8月18日,我和外公去xx--孔子的故乡参观三孔:孔林、孔庙、孔府.那是一个晴朗的天气,我们先到孔林,孔林很大,占地面积大约有三千多亩,是全国最大的私人墓地.孔林x的孔子墓前有一条神道,两边有石人石马的雕像,这是当年皇帝才能有的.孔子的墓十分特别,他的墓旁边是儿子的墓,前面是他孙子的墓,是抱子携孙墓,他的孙子正是孟子的老师.
接着,我们来到了孔庙,这是天下第一家庙.有高大的牌房,红墙黄瓦,雕梁画栋的房屋就和皇宫同样.最大的房子是大成殿,有故宫的太和殿那样大,房子前面有十根石头柱子,上面雕有盘龙花纹,非常壮观.孔庙有十三座高大的亭子,里面有很多皇帝的题词.庙里还有一个有趣的现像,一个屋顶的角伸到了对面亭子的两个角当x去了,导游说这叫做"勾心斗角",是成语的来原哟! 孔府里有道门,在有大事时才开,平时绕道而行,外堂是办公地方,内堂是住宿的地方,后面有座花园,是平时游玩的地方.
2023年三孔导游词范本汇编 第四篇
"三孔"还于1994年被列为全天下文化遗产.下面是带来的三孔英语导游词范文,稀望可以帮助到大家.
Into the purpose of qianmen quickly into the "heaven", is take the Confucius "DE match heaven and earth" and famous, for dai temple next door, door with built in the emperor song zhenzong and few over two years (AD 1009), the width 5, depth between the three, single eaves jehiel mountain style buildings, inside the original si green dragon, white tiger, rosefinch, xuanwu four stars. On both sides of the original peidian peidian, east as the "three ling hou temple", enshrined in the zhou dynasty about the official Tang Chen, GeYong, tempo, three people. When the emperor song zhenzong dong feng, see three in the worse the man of god, seal for the "three ling hou", then built the temple worship. West as "qiu temple" is enshrined in the tang dynasty "access group, and to serve voluntarily thick raise" the points in Du Zong frenzy. Linked to match went north and south "ringha door" is take "the world belongs to the benevolence" Confucius language meaning and, for the third door, dai yuan dynasty to yuan four years (AD 1338) to create. Building structure and tianmen is similar, inside the 2nd day of the deaf and dumb god, both sides have something goalkeeper. With doors on the west side of the stone tablet 20, one of the most famous is "the tryho tablet > > and the few tablet, double monuments, majestic tall, confrontation, turtle fell therefore, stately, dai temple existing two big stone tablet.
Tianmen "Tang Huai courtyard" in the southwest, the original "big countable embrace, the shadow of branches mu xu" Tang Huai, years of the republic of China, fighting Bingxian, ancient much, gradually die. In 1952, dai temple host ShangShiLian again all tree in the withered tree stem a strain, and named "Tang Huai brussel. This new tree has become a tree, pond castles peeped, and become a big g dai temple.
Tang Huai east of the old delay jubilee temple temple, the scriptures, ring wing pavilion, made yuhua district monastery where, is destroyed by years of the republic of China. In 1984, a new archaize on Tibetan oratory site storage, between 48 in mount taishan in 4000 pieces of precious relics, ancient books of more than 3000 copies.
North ringha through my door is covered days of pines seem to the north, I saw a colorful, resplendent and magnificent basilica stands on the big balcony, this is the main architecture of the dai temple, song day Kuang temple. Day Kuang temple, also called China sun temple, founded in north emperor song zhenzong dazhong few over two years (AD 1009). In A.D. 1008, song, liao in alliance (now in henan puyang), emperor song zhenzong though victory over liao army, but no mood to fight again, but signed a humiliating treaty, known as "the union of alliance" in history. Emperor song zhenzong in one's hand in order to pacify the resentment, to consolidate its ruling position, he adopted the deputy prime minister qin-ruo wang engineer zhao book "heaven" scam, leading officials, in the same year October car "gobbledygook" came to mount tai, held a grand thank grace to the gift, and is due to people for day Kuang festival every year in June. Dai li, zhao expansion under the dai temple, and on the basis of the original mount tai temple, built the day Kuang temple.
Day Kuang house 43.67 meters long, north and south 17.18 meters wide, 22.3 meters high, the width of nine, four deep, double-hipped roof anise, stone fly up, overlying yellow glazed tile, eaves hung between Kuang temple "song day" JuBian, eight root red MingZhu eaves, with Pope fang and stone, and outside groove have become warped weight the three arch, groove inside the temple roof for four after bucket sunk panel, yu is square flat is the ceiling. The entire hall Luan Lu diego shrugged, diao Liang Caidong, gold paint walls, Dan wall, completed a majestic, although after several dynasty, ancient and remain, with Beijing's Forbidden City hall of supreme harmony, qufu Confucius dacheng hall and three big palatial architecture in ancient China.
Into the hall, positive tall statue of "god of mount tai" color is reshaping in 1984, cave is 4.4 meters tall, twelve Liu head crown, wearing dagon's robe, handheld, the board, solemn dignified, vivid, may have a sense of "lifelike, be vividly portrayed. "Taishan" god is a Taoist believe in "god" of a ghost, can dominate the life and death. Was dubbed "day king" in the tang dynasty, song dynasty seal for JiRenSheng Ann "day", when the yuan dynasty and dubbed "dongyue days of qi ShengRen emperor", Ming emperor after he began to reign, and he thinks to taishan seal number is god "to blaspheme the ritual without", therefore, get rid of all titles, renamed "the god of mount tai. Since then, the status of the dai temple is not I, enjoy "dongyue many" reputation.
Statue on both sides of the couplets for precise Wu Yun book, "the emperor to the earthquake, life in Yin". Banners is the qing emperor kangxi emperor in 23 years (in 1684 AD in taishan when the topic "town" match day JuBian. Inside the palace with part of the phenomena of Ming and qing era. On the surface of the inside west northeast three "taishan revelation Bi back to process diagram" of the song dynasty painted. Murals total length of 62 meters, 3.3 meters high, picture by picture god in the mighty mount tai grand scene, when the emperor song zhenzong letter east taishan majesty and imposing manner, the whole mural by a hall door, east is "rev Bi figure", depicting the taishan god excursions; west as the "back to the process diagram", depicting the taishan god returned. The whole picture of 697 characters, its appearance and manners are all the same, be auspicious beast mounts, pavilions, mountains and rivers, trees and flowers, etc., of a great, the grand spectacle. Picture a saturated flourish is fluent, structure is rigorous, the layout symmetry nature, character looks vivid and lively, clothing line is clear, lifelike and vivid facial expressions, plus the colour and lustre beautiful coordination, give a person with high aesthetic enjoyment.
Temple in ancient times, has been damaged by fire and earthquake, murals have also been affected, as you can see from the mural art processing, mural is redrawn later part of the picture, but the whole picture is basically kept the original face of the song dynasty, it is still in the history of Chinese mural painting, Taoi a picture of a rare art treasures.
Days before Kuang temple wide large terrace consists of two layers, railing, standing on the big balcony, is suddenly enlightened. There is a royal pavilion, terrace on each side of emperor qianlong visited dai temple in ShiBei. Ming wanli is among big censer casting. Cooper under the terrace of the clip in the south, is a all square columns at the end of the pool, commonly known as the "pavilion old pool". The emperor held a ceremony to visit mount tai, god princes is welcome here. Pool and around 9 stance is strange taihu Jin Daan first year (AD 1209) with her mother which is offered by the wang, taian county magistrate wu bit. Each stone features, carefully watch the intriguing, a exquisite stone tunnel middle outstanding, called "hula stone". Fuso north stone has an independent order under cooper, called "solitary loyal cypress", tang dynasty female emperor wu zetian doubt its folklore also with secretary Shi Zhong rebellion, then its killed, Shi Zhong ghosts do not come loose, came to dongyue before the emperor wu zetian out of shape, thereby lone cypress. Stones covered her eyes, it is said that the visitors around the hula around the turn three times, then go to touch the other side of the solitary loyal cypress, all to be able to help, is a lot of people. The legend of these rich romance is not credible, but shows the taishan's long history and rich culture, those who write the legend of folk wit, the good and evil of human skillfully in the image of cypress trees, leaves later generations lots of regrets.
篇二:三孔英语导游词范文
Ladies and gentlemen: qufu is our country ancient times a great thinker, politician and educator Confucius's hometown, one of the first batch of 24 historical and cultural cities published. Confucius had a famous saying: "there is companion come from afar, joy." Today, I had the privilege to you as a tour guide, very happy. I will do my best to provide satisfactory service for you, the deficiency, please correct me critici.
Qufu overview before a visit to the "three holes", please allow me to introduce qufu overview:
Qufu is situated at in and plain of shandong province at the junction, north depends on mount tai, south Yi mountain, the east river bank Mongolia mountains, west plains of over thousand domain. Terrain east west high low, domestic SiHe, YiHe river flows from east to west, from ancient times there is "the saint door back water". Products rich, pleasant scenery. Great poet qufu Li Baiceng describes: "ile boast a friend refers to despair, the graceful green such as LAN".
Qufu has a long history, as early as fifty-six thousand years ago, our ancestors would thrive here, created the early human civilization. Many ancient books, and the yan emperor, wu migration are less in qufu, the yellow emperor was born in longevity hill (qufu east eight miles), shun in life for what sorts of records. Visible, China ancient times the most influential in the existence of four people left traces in qufu. Although this is a legend, but also is not groundless. From more than 20 section of the preserved in dawenkou culture and longshan culture sites still remains visible to our ancestors conquering nature. "One of the earliest qufu" in rites > >. The eastern han dynasty YingShao explained: "east lu mound, winding in the seven or eight long, therefore qufu." The early stage of the shang dynasty, qufu I, is one of the important vassal shang dynasty. "Duke of sealing in qufu" since the zhou dynasty for over 800 years, qufu for lu capital, and was an important political, economic and cultural center. The wind of spring and autumn period, Confucius pioneering private teaching, "three thousand disciples, the sage three thousand two" throughout all over the country, and became the center of education. Lu is a golden period in the history of qufu, well known for its "formal state", so is still in use in shandong province "lu" as referred to. In 249 BC, chu lu, lu county, qin dynasty xue Jun, the western han dynasty to lu, when the wei jin southern and northern dynasties to crewe. Sui emperor sixteen years (596), the first pronounce qufu county name. Song called fairy source county, jin recover qufu county name today. 1986 withdraw xianZhi, called qufu. Now covers an area of 890 square kilometers and a population of more than 60. Long history, splendid culture, left a large number of cultural relics to qufu, mainly there are more than 110, the Confucius temple, Confucius, konglin was suggested and lu cultural site is listed as one of the first key cultural relics protection units by the national, 11 listed as the provincial key cultural relics protection units. "Three holes" in 1994 by the United Nations as a world cultural heritage.
After the founding of new China, especially since the third plenary session of the eleventh party and state leaders of great concern, qufu monuments in countries has budgeted more than 3000 3000 yuan on the "three holes" chopped comprehensive repair. In recent years, in order to develop the touri, qufu company development and construction of the memorial garden city of six arts, ects of Confucius, a batch of new tourist attractions such as lu shengshi huaxia culture city, the formation of humanities and natural landscape, the old and new scenic spots one integrated mass, synergies of new pattern of touri resources, become the culture of Chinese and foreign tourists yearning resort.
篇三:三孔英语导游词范文
Ladies and gentlemen:
Now we are going to visit the ancient art museum, dai temple.
Dai temple, used to be called "east", also called tai temple, the main realms of the spirit of "mount tai", also is the ancient emperors to taishan I tell the living and held a grand ceremony.
Dai temple created a long history, the western han dynasty historical beginning of "namely domain, qin han palace" up. Tang opened far thirteen years (AD 725), amended Song xiangfu two years (AD 1009) and on a large scale expansion, after the jin, yuan, Ming and qing dynasties billiton, gradually formed a large-scale buildings.
Dai temple in downtown Tai’an City north, just old Thai city in the south gate, north DaiDing the worse on the central axis. North and south 405.7 meters long, 236.7 meters wide, was rectangular, covers an area of 96000 square meters. Dai temple architecture, in the form of the vertical and horizontal sides extension in ancient China, the overall layout to the north and the longitudinal axis, divided into the east, three axis of Chinese and western. East before and after the axis opzoon courtyard, east the throne, garden; Before and after the west axis have Tang Huai courtyard, ring wing pavilion court, made yuhua district monastery where; Axial qianmen, tianmen, ringha door, day after Kuang temple, living quarters, thick door. Subject construction of song day Kuang temple is located in the latter half of the dai temple in the crests stylobate, other building is located in the center courtyard outside, independent of each other, have immanent connection again. The building layout is according to the needs of religious and miyagi pattern design, formation of partition and bright, primary and secondary order, the unique style of of primitive simplicity, and through the changes of architectural space, in a solemn, solemn and deep, the mutual infiltration of park set each other off becomes an interest, in full. Temple towering temple and high into the clouds in the worse, give a person with beautiful feeling of mount tai.
Dai temple city high castle built, Zhou Changsan li, three zhangs, around eight door, to the nankai five, for qianmen, left for the east yi door, then left, Yang halls; For west yi door, right and then right name; see the door Qingyang door in the name of the east, also called DongHuaMen; In the name of the element view door to the west, also called xihua gate; North lu pursuit in the name of the door, also called thick door. Each gate tower, dai temple in the four corner respectively with xun, gen, dried, publication turrets, the whole building magnificent, majestic, like a seat in the imperial palace of the emperor.
Is dai temple, mount tai to the largest concentration of cultural relics. Here preserved the imperial sacrifices to full of beautiful things in the history of the phenomena of the god of mount tai, gifts, handicrafts, also has a flashing huaxia civilization guanghua taishan unearthed relics and the revolutionary historical relics, and save a lot of taishan classics and Taoi. More precious and 184 pieces of ancient steles and 48 pieces of han stone, become our country the third after xi 'an, qufu the forest of steles.
Dai temple, it is a feast for the eyes of classical gardens. A kind of dragon PAM spin cooper, cover the ginkgo, exquisite exquisite bonsai, bright flowers, and for the booth of of primitive simplicity and elegant, table, floor, ge added ten thousand kinds of amorous feelings of coquetry. Dai temple, the picturesque scenery, attracts many Chinese and foreign tourists.
Solemn and majestic dai temple, temple, cultural relic. Here every building embodies the Chinese ancient architectural art style, each piece reflects the civilization development of mount tai. Stroll in the art world, lifting eyes, raised his hand and touched the are national treasures, make the viewer power capacity, makes visitors sigh with emotion. Wei dai temple, is a fusion architecture, landscape, sculpture, painting and traditional Chinese ancient art museum.
Now, we went to the place called "remote pavilion" refs. It is located in the middle of Tai’an City area, north song tong Yin, is located in the dai temple outside the qianmen, vestibular is dai temple, to enter the rudiments of dai temple. Whenever the ancient emperors held to taishan fiesta, visits by simple ceremony here first, for taishan the piety of god. Therefore, in ancient times is also called "grass and pavilion". Ming jiajing thirteen years (AD 1534), shandong lu via become deputy political suggestion, before he left to "remote pavilion", have been extended ever since. Remote and TingMen outside the remote and fang is qianlong 35 years (AD 1770) to create, so far intact. Otherwise the pole high vertical, about iron lion crouching columns. Fang south "double order", the qing guangxu six years (AD 1880) to start building, square assembled, the queen mother pool of water, surrounded by dai temple into the pool. Because of pool in the northwest, southeast corner have a stone in and out of the water tap the name. Fanaw is tong Yin, make the person one gate into Thai south of the city is surrounded by mystery, "heaven" solemn atmosphere. Pool of the north China plate inscribed with "lue tianchi" four words. In 1992, in the pool with white marble columns, carve patterns or designs on woodwork perimeter of 63 meters, in order to protect the cultural relics. Has qing dynasty stone columns in the east and two-way, has "jinan May 30th massacre memorial" on the north and northwest edge with ancient one, legend of the tang dynasty rooted, up to now, branches and leaves bushiness is green and luxuriant.. Around double the order for a all square, surrounded by ancient buildings, form a beautiful picture.
Remote pavilion for pavilion type compound, 52 meters wide from east to west, north and south 66.2 meters long, with a total area of 3442.4 square meters. Main hall 5, built in the center of the courtyard rectangle above the stylobate, 10.8 meters wide, 7.75 meters deep, Lao 7.9 meters, five to four column beam, nine ridge eaves jehiel mountain type, Huang Wa coping. In the qing dynasty Ceng Sibi xia yuan jun. On both sides of things peidian peidian all intermediate.
Remote pavilion is a set of independent buildings, but with the dai temple on the connotation and unified, because of its existence, the dai temple solemn and mysterious atmosphere foil more strong. This is both independent and unified style, not only in the mountains, is rare in existing ancient buildings in China. Remote and pavilion in the tang dynasty once called "remote", folk have "to visit mount tai, god worship first remote door ginseng". When you visit the dai temple, also should first start from remote and kiosks.
Through the remote pavilion, the "dai fang" of the head is eleven years (AD 1672), shandong province, the qing emperor kangxi originally create day origin. Fang 12 meters high, 9.8 meters wide, 3 meters deep, and three to four column type. Three lane, heavy beam four-column brick reliefs. Circulation before and after the four pillars have eight stone lions on pier, different posture; Heavy beam four pillars engraved with "red phoenix in morning chaoyang", "praised", "group of cranes make lotus", "imagination" and so on more than 20 group of auspicious image lifelike birds benevolent and all kinds of flower pattern. The entire Shi Fang chic modelling, KeLou through fine, as in the qing dynasty stone carving art treasures. South lane column with couplets on the both sides of north and south of shi day by "big pole in the day, great body KangSheng everything; the emperor to shock, HeSheng zhuo ling town east". North of qing dynasty in shandong to the governor, the ministry of war assistant minister Zhao xiangxing problem "for the system of yue, the nations in the pursuit of wei DE He Keshang; mixed group of spirit of regent, kyushu on roaming on work which is in Beijing?" . Two deputy couplet gripping, synthetic-aperture, puts Tarzan's lofty status and prominent map made high-level overview of god in mount taishan, make a person not into dai and admiration of love.
The dai temple, see toward the tall broad "qianmen", is the main entrance into the dai temple, two big red door, is a symbol of the dignity of the dai temple, ancient times can only from the door into the emperor. The years Cuo tuo, to the eve of liberation, qianmen cracks have is full of stains or spots, the door at the top of the tower is also in the rain or blown away by the history. Now the qianmen is 1985 built according to the song dynasty architectural style. Door 8.6 meters high, the tower above 11 meters high, a total of five and nine single eaves jehiel mountain ridge, 24 MingZhu root, and it's all round Mosaic Ling isolation, overlying yellow glazed tile, eaves stone out of the four three, black ink dot gold coloured drawing or pattern, the forehead Fang Jinlong flying, from a distance become warped eaves wing, pian-pian wants to fly.
Into the purpose of qianmen quickly into the "heaven", is take the Confucius "DE match heaven and earth" and famous, for dai temple next door, door with built in the emperor song zhenzong and few over two years (AD 1009), the width 5, depth between the three, single eaves jehiel mountain style buildings, inside the original si green dragon, white tiger, rosefinch, xuanwu four stars. On both sides of the original peidian peidian, east as the "three ling hou temple", enshrined in the zhou dynasty about the official Tang Chen, GeYong, tempo, three people. When the emperor song zhenzong dong feng, see three in the worse the man of god, seal for the "three ling hou", then built the temple worship. West as "qiu temple" is enshrined in the tang dynasty "access group, and to serve voluntarily thick raise" the points in Du Zong frenzy. Linked to match went north and south "ringha door" is take "the world belongs to the benevolence" Confucius language meaning and, for the third door, dai yuan dynasty to yuan four years (AD 1338) to create. Building structure and tianmen is similar, inside the 2nd day of the deaf and dumb god, both sides have something goalkeeper. With doors on the west side of the stone tablet 20, one of the most famous is the < broadcasting > and < >, double monuments, majestic tall, confrontation, turtle fell therefore, stately, dai temple existing two big stone tablet.
Tianmen "Tang Huai courtyard" in the southwest, the original "big countable embrace, the shadow of branches mu xu" Tang Huai, years of the republic of China, fighting Bingxian, ancient much, gradually die. In 1952, dai temple host ShangShiLian again all tree in the withered tree stem a strain, and named "Tang Huai brussel. This new tree has become a tree, pond castles peeped, and become a big g dai temple.
Tang Huai east of the old delay jubilee temple temple, the scriptures, ring wing pavilion, made yuhua district monastery where, is destroyed by years of the republic of China. In 1984, a new archaize on Tibetan oratory site storage, between 48 in mount taishan in 4000 pieces of precious relics, ancient books of more than 3000 copies.
North ringha through my door is covered days of pines seem to the north, I saw a colorful, resplendent and magnificent basilica stands on the big balcony, this is the main architecture of the dai temple, song day Kuang temple. Day Kuang temple, also called China sun temple, founded in north emperor song zhenzong dazhong few over two years (AD 1009). In A.D. 1008, song, liao in alliance (now in henan puyang), emperor song zhenzong though victory over liao army, but no mood to fight again, but signed a humiliating treaty, known as "the union of alliance" in history. Emperor song zhenzong in one's hand in order to pacify the resentment, to consolidate its ruling position, he adopted the deputy prime minister qin-ruo wang engineer zhao book "heaven" scam, leading officials, in the same year October car "gobbledygook" came to mount tai, held a grand thank grace to the gift, and is due to people for day Kuang festival every year in June. Dai li, zhao expansion under the dai temple, and on the basis of the original mount tai temple, built the day Kuang temple.
Day Kuang house 43.67 meters long, north and south 17.18 meters wide, 22.3 meters high, the width of nine, four deep, double-hipped roof anise, stone fly up, overlying yellow glazed tile, eaves hung between Kuang temple "song day" JuBian, eight root red MingZhu eaves, with Pope fang and stone, and outside groove have become warped weight the three arch, groove inside the temple roof for four after bucket sunk panel, yu is square flat is the ceiling. The entire hall Luan Lu diego shrugged, diao Liang Caidong, gold paint walls, Dan wall, completed a majestic, although after several dynasty, ancient and remain, with Beijing's Forbidden City hall of supreme harmony, qufu Confucius dacheng hall and three big palatial architecture in ancient China.
Into the hall, positive tall statue of "god of mount tai" color is reshaping in 1984, cave is 4.4 meters tall, twelve Liu head crown, wearing dagon's robe, handheld, the board, solemn dignified, vivid, may have a sense of "lifelike, be vividly portrayed. "Taishan" god is a Taoist believe in "god" of a ghost, can dominate the life and death. Was dubbed "day king" in the tang dynasty, song dynasty seal for JiRenSheng Ann "day", when the yuan dynasty and dubbed "dongyue days of qi ShengRen emperor", Ming emperor after he began to reign, and he thinks to taishan seal number is god "to blaspheme the ritual without", therefore, get rid of all titles, renamed "the god of mount tai. Since then, the status of the dai temple is not I, enjoy "dongyue many" reputation.
Statue on both sides of the couplets for precise Wu Yun book, "the emperor to the earthquake, life in Yin". Banners is the qing emperor kangxi emperor in 23 years (in 1684 AD in taishan when the topic "town" match day JuBian. Inside the palace with part of the phenomena of Ming and qing era. Inside the northeast west three the < > for the song dynasty painted. Murals total length of 62 meters, 3.3 meters high, picture by picture god in the mighty mount tai grand scene, when the emperor song zhenzong letter east taishan majesty and imposing manner, the whole mural by a hall door, east is "rev Bi figure", depicting the taishan god excursions; west as the "back to the process diagram", depicting the taishan god returned. The whole picture of 697 characters, its appearance and manners are all the same, be auspicious beast mounts, pavilions, mountains and rivers, trees and flowers, etc., of a great, the grand spectacle. Picture a saturated flourish is fluent, structure is rigorous, the layout symmetry nature, character looks vivid and lively, clothing line is clear, lifelike and vivid facial expressions, plus the colour and lustre beautiful coordination, give a person with high aesthetic enjoyment.
Temple in ancient times, has been damaged by fire and earthquake, murals have also been affected, as you can see from the mural art processing, mural is redrawn later part of the picture, but the whole picture is basically kept the original face of the song dynasty, it is still in the history of Chinese mural painting, Taoi a picture of a rare art treasures.
Days before Kuang temple wide large terrace consists of two layers, railing, standing on the big balcony, is suddenly enlightened. There is a royal pavilion, terrace on each side of emperor qianlong visited dai temple in ShiBei. Ming wanli is among big censer casting. Cooper under the terrace of the clip in the south, is a all square columns at the end of the pool, commonly known as the "pavilion old pool". The emperor held a ceremony to visit mount tai, god princes is welcome here. Pool and around 9 stance is strange taihu Jin Daan first year (AD 1209) with her mother which is offered by the wang, taian county magistrate wu bit. Each stone features, carefully watch the intriguing, a exquisite stone tunnel middle outstanding, called "hula stone". Fuso north stone has an independent order under cooper, called "solitary loyal cypress", tang dynasty female emperor wu zetian doubt its folklore also with secretary Shi Zhong rebellion, then its killed, Shi Zhong ghosts do not come loose, came to dongyue before the emperor wu zetian out of shape, thereby lone cypress. Stones covered her eyes, it is said that the visitors around the hula around the turn three times, then go to touch the other side of the solitary loyal cypress, all to be able to help, is a lot of people. The legend of these rich romance is not credible, but shows the taishan's long history and rich culture, those who write the legend of folk wit, the good and evil of human skillfully in the image of cypress trees, leaves later generations lots of regrets.
Day Kuang lay behind the surface is after three palace, in the bedroom, width 5, on both sides for the bedroom, among the three, the emperor song zhenzong and few over five years (AD 1012) to seal a letter to the taishan god "day JiRen ShengDi", after considering the need a queen, to facilitate the same seal a "shu next year", and "her" built the temple, from "concubines", live with living quarters. The feudal rulers in order to achieve the goal of "borrow god daughter", "well-meaning, holding the" true.
Days of steles Kuang temple on both sides of things, all kinds of stone tablet full of beautiful things in eyes of han stone, taishan ancient steles boutique mostly concentrated in here. These inscriptions almost collection of Chinese calligraphy, after jin dynasty "two Kings", the song dynasty "four everybody", grass nationalities of, style available; YanLiu zhao, style each different, there are seven big fellow tablet < >, < >; Jin dynasty, one of the three major milestone < >; Plastic is novel, calligraphy dissimilar < >; Mount tai buddhist chronicle of tablet < >, etc. A total of 19 pieces, all has the very high historical value of cultural relics and calligraphy art value.
Display of 48 pieces of han stone in the west gallery is since 1960, several cleaning dawenkou and old county east han tomb stone set. The han stone, rich in content, range, some reflect the horses and chariots, travel, dancing to acrobatics and other social life; Some describe fairy tales; Also has the reflection of historical figures, neat picture design, modelling is vivid, on the carving techniques, the traditional Chinese painting line with engraved, embossed with an organic whole, manifests the like forthright grandeur of the plain, characteristic, is the study of ancient Chinese culture important materials for art and social life of the eastern han dynasty.
Out of the attic, door knob spirit is "opzoon". In the original "bean ling temple", was destroyed by years of the republic of China. In the courtyard, branches, five tall cooper if a kind of dragon PAM, legend has it for the first year of emperor in yuan seal (110 BC), when I mount tai has more than two thousand years ago, "opzoon" hence the name.
Yuan's north "han pavilion" is 1959 in the house built on the oberoi, bean spirit pavilion built on three layers tall stone stylobate, very spectacular. Stylobate wall Mosaic qianlong fifty-nine years (AD 1749 years) who taian magistrate of a county scale book by du fu's < and < > celebrities such as carved poems. The pavilion looked around his eyes and skylight brought low, rich of otimista chest, dai temple view, panoramic view of whole city.
Opzoon nosocomial stone tablet line, approximates to 90 pieces. There are descendants of the official script of han dynasty < >,'s < >, have the posterity the seal character of luji's < >, xie lingyun's < > and the song dynasty calligrapher MiFei < >, Ming chongzhen years Chen Changyan, ZuoPeixuan topic of < >, the qianlong emperor drive < > and contemporary ink of celebrities. Place oneself in the forest of steles is like reading a history of China, the benefit of the influence of the nation, will leave every serious watching endless thinking.
By opzoon courtyard to the north, through the quiet little garden into the courtyard of a all and exquisite. This is the place where the ancient imperial sacrifices mount tai when living, because is located within the DongHuaMen, therefore calls "east the throne". Its building for yuan to is seven years (AD 1347), Ming said welcome don, qianlong 35 years (1770 years) renamed in the pavilion. East the throne by the Great Wall flower door, door, door, main hall, and wing, hospital construction, green, quiet quiet and tastefully laid out, give a person the sense with super world white. Five main hall high above the stylobate, inside the set for recovery, qing qianlong emperor la people like, pier dragon, dragon, clothes closet, red sandalwood furniture such as a square table and all kinds of marble grain and golden rust ancient ceramic wall hanging and four treasures of the study. The famous "cold jade flower, the", "aloes lion" and "yellow orchid porcelain bottle gourd" twenty-seventh year is qianlong, 36 years worship offerings when tai shan, said Tarzan "sanbao town mountain". Doors and temple, dressed in ancient costume in the qing dynasty's "guardian", "palace" to the qing court etiquette to greet visitors, make visitors like back to ancient times, to extrapolate.
Palace stylobate under a stone, with a glass cover, this is the famous Chinese and foreign famous "the father of sharpening" qin sharpening. < > engraved letters merit qin Ming and qin ii, write to prime minister lisi. His seal script with economical fair instead of minor stroke numerous fat at the time, the handwriting stiffness tall and straight, swept away many fat stay qi, inscriptions, a total of 222 words, gradually disappear, after the Ming jiajing years still remaining 29 words, the original made in DaiDing herself beside the pool, after vicissitudes sink, a few times again, today only 10 residue left word, complete is seven. Is a rare treasure, is listed as a national level cultural relics.
Out of the bedroom, north of dai last into the yard. Something inside two garden all sorts of miniascape of various, within sight of the art to reproduce the taishan one content, fragrant flowers. On the southwest of west tower cast established twelve years (AD 1533), a former level 13, now the only remaining level 3, plain modelling, still do not break the elegant demeanour, and to the southeast of tower confrontation stylobate copper pavilion, also called "jin que", for the whole copper casting, imitation wood, 4.4 meters high, 3.4, Ming wanli 43 years (AD 1615) casting in DaiDing azure clouds temple, built to consecrate jade xia yuan jun. Move to the mountain spirit should be between Ming dynasty and early qing palace, in dai temple in 1972, is the present domestic only one of the three largest copper pavilion.
"Thick door" was the last of the dai temple gate, was rebuilt in 1984. On the door has "looked YueGe" three rooms, Huang Wa Ming gallery, andalusite partition board, Joan pavilion is like air. Standing on the court looked to adai yue high precision, castle peak around the white clouds, green trees and the light oke, tianmen ladder like flying floating hang them knowing you can't have them.
The thick red doors north behavior way, near the temple street is the starting point of the mountaineering, the gate of mount tai, climbing mt.tai.taibin starting from this, of a politician will see the best scenery in mount taishan, until the "day".
2023年三孔导游词范本汇编 第五篇
xx三孔导游解说词
孔庙的第一座石坊叫"金声玉振坊".孟子对孔子曾有过如此的
评价,他说:"孔子之谓集大成,集大成者,金声而玉振之也"."金声、玉振"表示奏乐的全过程,以击钟开始,以击磐告终,比喻孔子的思想集古圣先贤之大成.石坊上面莲花宝座上各刻有一个独角怪兽
称"辟邪",也叫"朝天吼",这是封建社会王嚼府第才可使用的视物.
孔庙第一道门叫"棂星门"."棂星"又名天田星,古人祭天,先
要祭棂星."棂星门"三个字为乾隆所书."太和元气"坊同"金声玉振"坊差不多,题字为明代x东巡抚曾铣手书,攒颂孔子思想如同天地生育万物.此院东西各有一座腰门,东边上书"德侔(mou,湘等,齐)天地相同大,他的学说古今来说都是最妙的".这座门叫"圣时门",由此住里,有博大精深、高深莫测之感."圣时"二字,取,"孔子,圣之时者也"句,意思是说,在胜人之x,孔子是最适合时代者. 过圣时门迎面小石桥,叫"璧水桥",桥两侧偏南各有一座门,东门叫"快睹门",是先睹为快的意思,西门叫"仰高门"攒颂孔子的学问十分高深.我们进入的大门,称"弘道门",这三个字取自"人能弘道"的句子,以此来攒颂孔子阐发了尧舜汤和文武周公之"道".这道门也是明朝洪武十年(1377年)时孔庙的大门.再往后是"大x门",大x门是宋朝时期孔庙的大门,原名叫"宫和门",字的意思与孔子x庸之道的主张相关,由此门向南望去,一方面可以看到孔庙的历史沿革,一方面也可以看到孔庙的不断括大,这些建筑既有清代建筑,也有明代建筑,还有宋代建
筑,它们建的时代不同,工匠不同,但都互湘配合,相辅相成,构成
一体.看孔庙建筑,同时可以看到一部分x国封建社会的发展史.
这块碑立于明成化四年(1468年),因此也叫"成化碑",它为明宪宗朱见深所立,碑高6米,宽2米多.这块碑的特点是书法精赞,著称于世,并且碑文用论辩形式写成,在极力蓷崇孔子方面,可以说是之最.大家请看右上角,那上面写道:"联惟孔子之道,有天下者一日不可无焉",又说:"孔子之道在天下,如布帛粟菽,民生日用不可暂缺".这碑下面的动物不是王八,叫赑屃,是龙的儿子,特别能负重,所以用来驮碑,有句话讲"龙生九子不成龙",在孔庙内,龙和龙的9个儿子,你都可以看到,当地的老百姓常来这儿抚摸这赑屃,他们说:"摸摸赑屃的头,一辈子不犯愁,摸摸赑屃的腚,一辈子不生病". (赑屃（bi xi）,形似龟,好负重,为石碑下的龟趺fu指碑的龟形 底座)
我们面前的这座木结构建筑名叫"奎文阁",原是孔庙的藏书阁."奎星"为二十八星宿之一,有星十六颗,"屈x相钩,似文字之画",后来人们把它演变为文官之首,封建帝王把孔子比作天上的奎星,所以孔子又称"历代文官主".这座楼阁高23.35米,阔30.1米,深17.62米,三重飞檐,四层斗拱,构造坚固而且合理,康熙年间xx曾有过一次大地震,"人间房屋倾者九,存者一",而奎文阁却傲然屹立,安
然无恙,由此可见我国古代劳动的聪明智慧和高超的建筑艺术. 我们现在进入孔庙的第六进院落,展现在大家面前的是13座碑亭,南面8座,北边5座.亭内保存着唐、宋、元、明、清各代石碑共
55幢,碑文多为皇帝对孔子的追谥加封、拜庙亲祭、整修庙域的纪录,用汉文、八思巴文、满文等刻成.此排x间的这座碑,重约65吨,采自的西x,在当时,将这样重量的石碑从千里之外,跋x涉水,运至xx,不能不说是一个奇迹.此院东、西各有一门,是孔庙第三道腰门,为"东华门、西华门".
我们现在进入大成门,"大成门"是指今天下之大成,这一排共有5门并列,最西边为启圣门,是供奉孔子父母的地方,x路大成门,又有"金声门、玉振门"相佐,x路为孔庙最x心的地方,东为承圣门,原为孔子故居.
大家知道,孔子是伟大的思想家,培育家、家,我们认为,孔子最初是个培育家,他是x国第一位老师,封建皇帝封他为"至圣先师""万世师表",应当说,他是全人类的老师,是名符其实的"人类灵魂工程师".我们面前的"杏坛",相传是当年孔子设坛讲学的地方,金代建亭作以纪念,著名文人党怀英书"杏坛"二字.坛侧有棵杏树,为后人所栽,每当初春时节,红花绽放,绿叶摇曳.所以乾隆皇帝来朝拜时,曾赋诗赞之,诗曰:重来又值籼（xian,一种米,米粒细而长）开时,几树东风簇绛枝,岂是人间凡卉比,文明终古共春熙.
矗立在我们面前的大殿正是名扬天下的"大成殿",它是x国的"三大殿"之一,与故宫的"太和殿",泰x岱庙的"天贶殿"齐名,其雄伟壮丽有过之而无不及.殿高24.8米,阔45.78米,深24.8米,雕梁画栋,金壁辉煌,特别是周围28根石柱,为全天下文化
至宝,均以整石雕刻而成,前面10根为深浮雕,每柱二龙戏珠,盘绕升腾,宛在目前,刀法刚劲有力,各具变化.过去皇帝来了,都是将此柱用黄布围裹.他们若眼见悾怕也会自惭不如.两侧及后廊的龙柱为浅浮雕,每柱72条龙,总数1296条.大成殿内供奉着孔子塑象,两侧为四配,东西是复圣颜回、述圣孔及,西面是宗圣曾参和亚圣孟子.再外是12哲.每年9月26日、9月28日,我们都在这儿举行盛大的国际孔子文化节和孔子诞辰纪念仪式,表演大型祭孔乐舞和"箫韶乐舞",举行丰富多彩的文化、旅游活动,欢迎各位到时光临. 大成殿两侧的绿瓦长廊叫两半岛,共有80间房屋,是后世供奉先贤先儒的地方,在唐朝受供奉的仅有20余人,到了多达156人,这些配享原为画像,金时改为塑象,明代改为木制牌位,期间被拆掉.现在两廊x主要存放汉画像石刻和著名古碑.最鉁贵的是汉魏六朝石刻22块,如"五凤""礼器""乙瑛""孔庙""史晨""张猛龙"碑等,都为国家级石碑,被视为书法艺术的极品,价值连城的至宝.最北面的两庑x,珍藏着584块石碑,叫"玉虹楼"法贴,是孔子68代孙孔继涑收集了历代著名书法家的手迹慕刻而成,具有极高的艺术价值.
寝殿是供奉孔子娘子亓官氏的专祠.圣迹殿是明万历年间,根剧司马迁编绘刻石的连环画,共有120幅.这是我国第一部有完整人物故事的连环画.
我们现在的位置是孔庙东路,这儿当年为孔子故宅,这口水井为"孔子故宅井",是当年孔子饮水之井,后人称为"圣水".亭内的碑
有乾隆"饮水拜师"和"故宅井赞",乾隆8次来xx,竟有他5次题字.后面这座红色墙壁叫"鲁壁",在秦始皇焚书坑儒时,孔子9世孙孔鲋把等经典藏在此壁内,墙壁倒塌后被人发现,孔子经典方才留传于世.
这座殿堂叫"诗礼堂",是当年孔子教儿子学诗学礼的地方,堂前有两棵宋代银杏树,当初孔府曾用这棵树的果实做菜,名叫"诗礼银杏"大家在品尝孔府菜时,千万不要忘了点这道菜,因为此菜的出处就在这个地方.
孔庙是一个巨大的文化博物馆,我们匆匆看一次,只可窥见一斑.不能观其全貌,尤其是不能会其神韵,那就留待各位以后再来时细细品味吧.
下面我们参观孔府.
孔府即"衍圣公府",也是全天下文化遗产之一,全国要点文物保护单位.孔府大门与孔庙仅一墙之隔.孔府共占地240亩,有厅、堂、楼、房463间,在路布局,九进院落,东路为"东学",西路为"西学"供游人游览的主要是x路.
"衍圣公"是北宋至和二年(公元1055年)宋仁宗赐给孔子46代孙孔宗愿的封号,这一封号子孙湘继,整整袭封了32代,历时880多年.远在这封号之前,自西汉以后,历代封建王朝就给予孔子后代众多封赐,汉代曾封孔子后代为"奉礼君""关内候",魏晋南北朝又封"宗圣候、崇圣大夫";唐朝封"文宣公";宋代封"衍圣公",到
2023年三孔导游词范本汇编 第六篇
天贶殿后面是后寝三宫,x为正寝宫,面阔五间,两边为配寝宫,各三间,宋真宗大x祥符五年(公元1020xx年)诏封泰x神为"天齐仁圣帝"后,拷虑到还缺个皇后,便于同年封了一个"淑明后",并为"她"修建了后宫,从"嫔妃"则居住配寝宫.封建统治者为了达到"借神安民"的目的,真可谓"用心良苦,处心积虑了".
天贶殿两侧为东西碑廊,各种碑碣汉画像石琳琅满目,泰x历代碑刻精品大都集x在这儿.这些碑刻几乎集x国书法之大成,上追晋代"二王",下承宋朝"四大家",真草隶篆,体列俱全;颜柳欧赵,风阁各异,其x有七大汉碑的、;晋代三大丰碑之一的;造形新颖,书法相异的;泰x佛教记事名碑等共19块,均具有很高的历史文物价值和书法艺术价值.
西侧廊内陈列的48块汉画像石是自1960年以来,几次清理大汶口和旧县东的汉画像石墓而集.这些汉画像石,内容丰富,取材广泛,有的反映车马出行、乐舞百戏等社会生活;有的描述神话故事;也有反映历史人物的,画面图案工整,造型生动,在雕刻技法上,把x国传统的画技同线刻、浮雕揉合一体,体现出古拙质朴、雄建壮美的特点,是妍究x国古代文化艺术和东汉社会生活的重要实物资料.
出碑廊,过炳灵门,是"汉柏院".院内原有"炳灵殿",毁于年间.院x五棵高大的古柏,枝桠交错,若虬龙蟠旋,相传为汉武帝于元封元年(公元前120xx年)封禅泰x时所植,距今已有两千多年,"汉柏院"由此得名.
院北的"汉碑亭"是1959年在炳灵殿故址上修建的,亭子建立在三层石砌的高大台基上,十分壮观.台基壁上镶嵌乾隆五十九年(公元1749年)泰安知县何人鳞所书杜甫的<和《秋兴>>等名人诗刻.登上亭子极目四望,天光云影,宽心臆阔,岱庙全景,泰城全貌尽收眼底.
汉柏院内碑碣林立,约计90余块.其x有后人隶书的东汉张衡的、曹植的,有后人篆书陆机的、谢灵运的以及宋朝大书法家米芾、明崇祯年间陈昌言、左佩铉题篆的、乾隆皇帝御制的和当代众多名人留下的墨迹.置身于碑林之x就象读了一部x国的历史,接受民族的熏陶,,会给每一个严肃的光赏都留下不尽的思索.
由汉柏院向北行,穿过幽静的小花园进入一个小巧玲珑的四合院.这儿是古帝王祭祀泰x时居住的地方,因座落在东华门内,故称"东御座".其建筑为元至正七年(公元1347年)所建,明代称迎宾堂,乾隆三十五年(公元1770年)改称驻跸亭.东御座由长城花门、仪门、大门、正殿和相房组成,院内建筑精美,绿树掩映,清静幽雅,给人以超世绝尘之感.五间正殿高筑台基之上,殿内按清宫设置作复原陈列,有乾隆帝腊人座像,有龙墩、龙椅、立柜、方桌等紫檀家具及各种大理石花纹饰和金丝锈古器型的挂屏以及纸墨笔砚.著名的"温凉玉雕花圭"、"沉香狮子"和"黄地兰花瓷葫芦"是乾隆二十七年、三十六年朝拜泰x时的供品,并称泰x"镇x三宝".大门和殿堂里身着清代古装的"卫士"、"宫女"以清庭礼仪迎接游客,使游人仿佛回到远古的时代,浮想联翩.
殿堂台基下立一石碑,用玻璃护罩,这正是驰名x外的"名x刻石之祖"秦刻石.镌刻秦始皇功德铭和秦二世召书,为丞相李斯书写.他以简练秀雅的小篆代替了当时笔画繁赘的大篆,字迹刚劲廷拔,一扫众家肥呆之气,碑文共222字,后渐淹灭,明嘉靖年间还尚存29字,原立在岱顶玉女池旁,后经沧桑沉沦,几次合浦还珠,今唯剩10个残字,完整者七.堪称稀世之宝,被列为国家一级文物.
出寝宫向北,为岱庙的结果一进院落.东西两座花园内各种盆景千姿百态,艺术地再现了泰x的一景一物,奇花异草.西南方西台上的铁塔铸于明嘉靖十二年(公元1533年),原为13级,现仅存3级,造型质朴,仍不失当年风采,与铁塔对峙的东南方台基上的铜亭,又称"金阙",为全铜铸造,仿木结构,高4.4米,阔3.4,明万历四十三年(公元1620xx年)铸于岱顶碧霞祠,为供奉碧霞元君而建.明末清初移于x下灵应宫,1972年迁入岱庙,是目前国内仅存的三大铜亭之一.
"厚载门"是岱庙的结果一道门,是1984年重健的.门上有"望岳阁"三间,黄瓦明廊,红柱隔扇,犹如空x琼阁.站在阁上仰妄岱岳雄姿,青x绕白云,绿树生轻烟,天门云梯宛若游龙浮挂天边.
出厚载门北行为红门路,过岱宗大街不远即到登x之起点,泰x的x门——岱宗坊,由此起步,将步步登高,饱览泰x的最妙风景,直至登"天"
附加篇最新的x东三孔导游词范文
女士们!先生们!
大家好!我叫任一铭,是你们的导游.今天,由我来带领你们游览"三孔":孔府·孔庙·孔林.
胜人孔子有句名言:"有朋自远处来,不亦乐乎"我有幸担任导游,十分快乐.我将尽力为大家服务,不足之处,请批评改正.
在参观三孔之前,请允许我介绍一下xx.xx地处鲁x小x和鲁西南平原的交界处.大诗人李白曾描写xx:"笑夸故人指绝境,x光水色青如兰".现在我们参观孔庙.孔庙位于xx城x心,是古代人们为了几年胜人孔子生前的伟大思想宽阔的精神品质所建的一座韵味十卒的建筑.前后九进院落,占地327.5亩,南北长达1公里;共有建筑466间,54座门坊;加之庙内1700余株古树,一个个直冲云天,听说当时谁敢砍倒一棵,就会以杀头处理.每一棵树,每一个门的名字都含有胜人孔子"仁"的思想.
孔府与孔庙毗邻,是胜人孔子嫡系长子长孙居住的府第,三路布局,九进院落,共有建筑463间,加上后花园,共占地240亩.孔府,也称"衍圣公府"."衍圣"的意思是说"圣道"、"圣裔"能繁衍接续,
进入孔府大门,由此向后孔府分为三路,东路建有一贯堂、慕恩堂、孔氏家庙等;西路是孔府当年接待贵宾和读书习礼的地方,有红萼轩、忠恕堂、安怀堂、花厅等;x路是孔府的主体建筑,前半部为官衙,后半部为内宅.
孔林,是胜人孔子家庭的专用墓地,也是全天下上延时最久、规模最大的家庭墓地.占地三千多亩.周围垣墙高3米,厚1.5米,长14.5华里.林内有各种树木10万多株,数百种植物.在万木掩映之x,碑石林立,石像成群,十分壮观.
现在自由活动3小时,可以自行游览"三孔",也可以进行游戏、野餐等活动,但必须保证卫生.
参观"三孔"到此洁束了,
附加篇最新的x东三孔导游词范文
尊敬的各位来宾:
你们好!我受旅游、接待部门的委托,对光临名城xx参观游览的各位佳宾表示热烈地欢迎.我有幸为大家导游陪同参观,非常快乐,这是咱们共同颀赏学习的好机会.看后请留下寶贵意见.
最初,向大家简要介绍一下xx的历史、文物概况.
历史文化名城xx是我国古代伟大的思想家、培育家、家、文献整理家、世之胜人孔子的家乡,亚圣孟子的故里,x华民族的始祖轩辕黄帝的诞生地,炎帝的首都,商殷故国,鲁国首都.三皇五帝有四位在这儿生息劳作,有5000多年的历史.地下有丰富的宝藏,地上有众多的文物.现有文物112处,其x有保护单位,全天下文化遗产3处,全国保护的4处,省级12处,其他为地x级保护的.
重x之重有"三孔两庙一陵"、"三x二林一寺".孔庙、孔府、孔林,俗称"三孔",有祭祀x国元圣周公的庙域,有祭祀孔子第一大复圣颜回的庙,俗称"两庙";"一陵"是黄帝诞生地--寿丘少昊陵;"三x";孔子出生地尼x、汉墓群九龙x、小泰x--九仙x(又称九x).二林是:全天下培育孩子最佳的母亲孟母林,孔子父母埋葬地梁公林;"一寺"是李白、杜甫作诗、答对、分手处,著名文人孔尚任隐居处国家园林"石门寺".
我们现在看孔庙.
孔庙,又称至圣庙,是祭祀孔子及其娘子亓官氏和七十二贤良的地方.孔庙同的故宫、河北xxx避暑x庄并称x国的三大古建筑群.专家对孔庙讲了四名话:建筑时间最久远、最宏大、保存最完整、东方建筑特色最突出.从孔庙可看出两个问题:一是孔子对x国艿至东方文化的巨大贡献;二是x国在历史上就有能工巧匠.
孔庙始建于公元前478年,孔子去世的第二年建庙.在孔子故居建庙堂三间,陈列孔子的衣、车、书等,"岁时奉祀".历代皇帝对孔庙都有扩建,计大修15次,x修31次,小修数百次达至今的规模.孔庙仿皇宫建筑之制,分三路布局,九过院落,共有房屋466间,门亭54座,东西相对贯穿在一条x轴线上,有碑碣近千块,占地327.5亩,长达两华里又150公尺.现在看到的孔庙是明弘治年间的规模.解放后国家多次拨款维修保护.我国首批公布的全国要点文物保护单位,1994年12月列入全天下文化遗产,成为保护的文物单位,孔庙建筑时间之久远,规模之宏大,保存之完整实属世之罕见.
神道."万仞宫墙"前古柏苍劲的这段路为"神道".重要的庙域前都有专开的尊敬灵通之道,称"神道".
万仞宫墙.这道门是驱x明城正南门,也是孔庙的第一道门,上悬"万仞宫墙"四个大字,系清乾隆皇帝的御笔.它来原于孔子得懿子贡.鲁国大会诸侯时,有人题出子贡的学问博大精深,可与孔子相提并论,子贡在场,马上站起来说,我可不敢与俺老师孔子比,人的学问好比一堵墙,我这道墙仅有一仞之高,俺老师的墙有数仞之多.正是说,我的学问等于一肩膀头子高,一目了然没什么深奥的;孔子的学问有我数倍之多,经过祥细的妍究,全体的探究,才能了解他的所有,入了门以后,才能看到宗庙之美,在门外头你是看不到的.后人为了形容孔子的学问高深,从夫子之墙数仞,到"百仞"、"千仞"到明代皇帝封孔子为"天下文官主,历代帝王师",封孔子学问有"万仞",攒颂孔子学问有一万个八尺,往上看,看不到顶,亦说此墙深壁高垒非常坚固.这四个字原为明钦差所写,乾隆为表示他对孔子的重视,亲书"万仞宫墙"换上了他的御笔.
金声玉振坊.此坊建于明代,为表达孔子学问精赞而完美,如同奏乐的全过程,自始至终完整无缺.古乐是以敲钟开始,钟起"始条理也",是击磬告终,"玉振"为磬落的声音,称"终条理也",赞扬孔子的学问是集先贤先圣之大成,所以称"金声而玉振也","金声"钟的声音,始,"玉振"磬的声音,终.这也是办事要"有始有终"成语的来原."金声玉振"是明代大书法家胡缵宗题定的.
"二柏担一孔".过玉振坊这个单孔的石拱桥,东西各有一棵古柏,所以人称"二柏担一孔".这桥名曰:"泮水桥"与行宫旁泮水池的水相通,因之演义为"盼水".过去读孔孟之书,考上高等学府叫"入盼",做官的盼高升,经商盼发财,过日子盼兴旺.
下马碑.庙墙外东西各立一块石碑,公元1191年专立的下马碑,下轿碑.西边的碑早毁坏,东边这块碑上写"官员人等至此下马".过去文武官员、庶民百姓从此途经下轿下马徒步而行,以示对孔子、孔庙的尊敬.
棂星门.明代所建,公元1754年重羞,由木制改铁石的."棂星门"系乾隆御笔.相传天上星系"有二十八宿",其x,有个掌管文化的星叫"棂星",又名"文x星"、"天振星",把孔子与天上管文化的星连系起来,说文化方面他是最高的,如过去祭天,要先祭"文x星",有尊孔如尊天的说法.
太和元气坊.这坊是明代公元1544年所建,极赞孔子的思想,主张如同"太空宇宙能哺育万物.天地之合,四方之合,阴阳之合",称"太和"之气是最基本的东西,宇宙之太和,人间之元气."太和元气"系x东巡抚曾铣手书.
至圣庙坊.明代所建"至圣庙坊",是汉白玉的,上饰火焰宝珠.
德侔天地,道冠古今.这道院的东西对衬各建一处很奇特的牌房,木制角棱环绕,千头万续,下有八个怪兽,叫"天龙神狮",相传它威信灵感,可驱除邪恶,匡扶正义.东边牌房上书:"德侔天地",说孔子的思想主张给人类的好处如同天高地厚,功德能同天地相比.西边的牌房上书"道冠古今",赞孔子思想、办法古今都是盖世之冠.
圣时门.三门并列,四道台皆同上,盘龙.此门命名来原于孟子,对古代四位胜人伯夷、伊尹、柳下惠、孔子,孟子把四胜人的圣迹归钠为四句话:伯夷圣之清者也,伊尹圣之任者也,柳下惠圣之和者也,孔子圣之时者也."圣时"极赞孔子思想主张经久不衰,是适合时代的胜人.皇帝来xx朝孔要行"三跪九叩大礼",走圣时门;历代"衍圣公"出生时掀开"圣时门",除这两种情况外,此门不轻易开启.都走快覩门、仰高门.
快覩门,取先睹为快之意.正是说孔子的学问"五经四书",谁先学谁先有文化,谁先学谁先有知识,争相学习,以先见到先读为高兴.
仰高门.根剧颜回赞扬孔子的一段话命名的.颜回说,夫子之道,仰之弥高,钻之弥坚.赞孔子学问向上看不到顶,叫"弥高",学起来文言文很难董,叫"弥坚",高不是高不可攀,经过努厉是完全可以学到的.颜回说"夫子循循然,善诱人,博我以文,说我以礼."俺老师谆谆教导,教我以文化,施我以礼节.
汉石人.仰高门里亭子里有两位历史价值很高的汉石人,一位是"亭长",(汉代地方小官),一位府门之卒,都是鲁王墓前守卫的.石人被历代金石学家所重视,对妍究汉代服裝和文字有重要价值.
金水桥,这道桥,同故宫前的桥同名,称金水桥,又叫碧水桥,三孔排列,绿水荡漾.
弘道门.过金水桥是明代皇帝钦定的"弘道门",取"论语"x"人能弘道,非道弘人"之意.孔子是个普通文人,为什么成为胜人?赞孔子总结了先贤先圣的经验,尤其弘扬了尧舜禹汤,文武周公之道."人能弘道,说人能指挥创造一切,非道弘人,并不是一切指挥人,这是赞扬人的主观能动性."弘道门下有两块石碑,东边的四棱碑是"xx历代沿革志"记载了xx沿革变迁的历史,元代所立,史料价值很高,西边的是"处士先生墓志",具有很高的书法价值.
大x门.大x门是宋代孔庙的大门,称"x和门",意为用孔子的思想处理问题都可迎刃而解.明代扩建庙改称"大x门",赞孔子的学问是集人类知识之大成,x,取"x庸"之意,"x者天下之正道,庸者天下之定理",x不偏,庸不易.离去x者,就不是正道,成了邪道、歪门.正是说不左不右,公平正道,上前为x庸.大x门东西两端有角楼两座是守卫孔庙用的.
同文门,四大名牌,孔庙图.进入大x门里左右有四块大碑.西边的明弘治碑,讲的纲常伦理.弘治碑右侧有明代才子湖南长沙李东阳绘制的"孔庙图"价值很高.
成化碑,是明代成化皇帝朱见深所立.有两个情况引起历代大家名人的注意.一是成化碑正楷字写的好、规范化、标准化,精赞引人,字体笔法有"著称于世"的评语;二是对孔子评价最高,历代皇帝对孔子都有评说,评价最高的是成化皇帝,他把孔子的思想、办法比作吃饭、穿衣、花钱,一天也离不开,有了孔子的道理和办法,就能人尽其才,物尽其用,地尽其力,不然就乱套啦.说有孔子之道则有天下,没孔子之道则无天下,反孔子之道则失天下.如碑文称:"朕唯孔子之道,天下一日不可无焉,有孔子之道则纲常正而伦理明,万物各得其所矣...,孔子之道之在天下如布帛粟菽,民生日用不可暂缺,...天生孔子纵之为圣,生之安行仁义x正,师道興起,从游三千,往圣是继."
同文门.取"人彤心"字同文之意.是说共同努力,团结一至才能干好事业;文字要统一,有统一的文字才能记载历史传播经验,随意造字就会乱套.同文门是奎文阁前的重要屏障.
奎文阁,原为藏书阁,是收藏御赐书藉的地方.建于宋天禧二年(公元1020xx年),金章宗重羞时改为"奎文阁".这座独特雄伟的建筑,完全是木质结构,在x国楼的建设上称孤例.经过几次地震,奎文阁没有震毁.清康熙5年地震"十间房子倒者有九,存者有一,奎文阁魏然不动".明代吏部尚书李东阳专写了"奎文阁赋",赞奎文阁的建筑妍究价值.正是廊下东头这块碑.
楼阁前这东西两院称:"斋宿",是祭祀人员斋戒、冲凉的地方.东院是衍圣公斋宿所,清康熙、乾隆祭孔时都在东斋宿盥洗.西院是从祭人员的斋宿.孔子七十一代孙孔昭薰将庙内宋、元、明、清五朝代拜孔庙碑130多块集x镶嵌在院墙上,故西斋宿又称碑院.
十三碑亭.这是孔庙的第六进院落,亭内立有55块碑,是唐、宋、金、元、明、清等朝代所立,其内容都是皇帝、钦差拜孔、对孔子的追谥、评价,历次修孔庙的记载,有汉、满、蒙、八思巴文等文字.南八北五,所以称十三碑亭,因为都是经皇帝批准立的碑,因此又叫御碑亭.东起前排第三、六两个亭子是金代所建,是我国现存不可多见的建筑.凡是用赑屭驮的碑都称"御碑"."赑屭"是吉祥物,传说龙王有九子,它是第8子,它爱"文",善于负重,石碑有文字而沉重适合其特点,形象应为龙头、龟身、鹰腿、蛇尾.
东起北边这第三个亭子是康熙皇帝立的碑.西x采的石头经大运河,经济南又运到这儿.专家计算这幢碑13万斤重,从济宁沿路泼水冻了,在冰上滑过来的,有时一天只走卧牛之地.xx本有好石头不用,要从运来,以示皇帝对孔子的重视.这院东南、西南各有一片碑碣都是王公大臣们修庙、拜孔的记载,书法价值很高.
这个院东西对衬各有一门,东为"毓粹门",西是"观德门".俗称东华门、西华门.
孔庙由这儿起分为三路布局,这一道五门,x为"大成门",左边是"金声门",右边是"玉振门",再往西为"启圣门",再往东为"承圣门".大成门的建筑结构是"犬牙相制,勾心斗角".x间为"勾心",左右四角尖端相顶为"斗角".大成门三字系雍正皇帝的御笔.赞孔子是集先圣先贤之大成,达到了至高无上的境界.
先师手植桧.大成门里左边这棵廷拔苍劲的桧树,是孔夫子手植的.据记载:孔子在这儿裁过三棵桧树,金贞佑二年(公元1220xx年)毁于兵火,树枯而又发新枝,曾"三枯三荣",有"桧树日茂孔氏日兴"的说法.明万历年间才子杨光训题写了"先师手植桧"五个大字.
两庑长廊.这两侧的对等两排房子,共80间,称"东西庑",是供奉七十二贤良的地方.孔子号称三千,身通六艺文武双全的七十二人,供奉在东西庑.历代帝王都有封的配享先贤.如董仲舒、韩愈、王明阳、诸葛亮、寇准、岳飞等等.到年间已封到156名.结果一位先贤是梁启超先生.原有塑象,牌位,后一律改为木制牌位.东西庑现在陈列的是收集的宋代以前的x贵石刻.周公训子、蝙蝠行医等,最为鉁贵的国宝有汉魏朝碑刻22块,书法价值特高的"礼器碑"、"乙瑛碑"、"史晨碑"、张猛龙碑"、米芾碑"等都是罕见的珍品.西庑陈列了100多块"汉画石刻",都是久负盛名的艺术珍品,是妍究汉、魏等历史社会生活难得的鉁贵资料.东庑北端陈列着584块石刻,是孔子六十九代孙孔继涑写的玉虹楼法贴.
杏坛.这是为纪念孔子讲学建的.孔子当初是在土台上大杏树下给们讲学.宋代公元1020xx年,孔子45代孔道辅监修孔庙时,将正殿后移扩建,在正殿旧址建亭,环植以杏,名曰"杏坛".杏坛二字,是金代著名文人党怀英篆书.亭内有乾隆皇帝御笔"杏坛赞",这是他第一次来xx写的.乾隆题写的匾、对联、条幅等在xx有50多处.
大成殿.这是孔庙的主殿,它和的故宫太和殿、泰安岱庙天贶殿并称东方三大建筑,又称东方三大殿.价值高历史长的是大成殿.殿高24.8米,阔45.7米,深24.89米.四周环有28根用全盘石头雕成的龙柱,工艺精赞,造诣很深.尤其殿前廊10株深浮雕的滚龙柱实为世之罕见,10棵柱子20 条龙,上下对翔,升腾盘绕戏一颗珠子,神泰各异,无一类似,越看越有动意,跃然石上宛在目前.这是徽州工匠的杰作.皇帝来xx朝孔时,孔家都用黄绫把龙柱裹起来,不让皇帝直接看到龙柱,因为超过了金銮殿,怕皇帝不开心,加以责怪.其余18根柱是八棱的浅浮雕龙柱,一个棱面刻九条龙,每根柱子八个棱,八九 72条龙共计雕刻1296条龙.这是罕见的石刻艺术至宝.总览大成殿雄伟壮观.
五圣十二先者.大成殿内供奉着17尊像.
五大胜人.至圣孔子,意为胜人x的胜人,至高无上.孔夫子在,头戴十二旒之冕,身穿十二章王服,手持震圭,威信肃穆,使人肃然起敬.两侧为四配:东边是复圣颜子,述圣子思;西边是宗圣曾子,亚圣孟子.东头六位,西头六位,称十二先者,有子贡、子路、冉求等11位孔子的,有一位是宋朝朱熹,著名理学家,五经四书解释的好,被封为先者."生民未有"的匾,是孟子赞孔子,说"生民未有盛于孔子也".有人类以来,还没有全体超过孔子的人,所以叫"生民未有"."万世师表"是康熙题写,封孔子为"万世皇帝之师,千古人类之表,皇帝的老师,做人的表率.""斯文在兹"是光绪写的,意为天下的文化都在这儿.
寝殿.供奉孔子娘子亓官氏的专殿.是孔庙第三大建筑.亓官氏宋国人(河南商丘),19岁嫁孔子,后生子孔鲤,贤妻良母,早孔子7年去世,被封"至圣先师娘子",同孔子相同享受祭祀.寝殿周围28根石柱上雕凤凰,每条柱子刻凤凰72只,同龙的数量相同,叫龙凤呈祥.
圣迹殿.以石刻连环画的形式记载了孔子的事迹.有120块文图并茂的石刻,是孔子后代同明代巡抚御史何出光主持修建的.由吴郡著名画工章草绘画刻石,镶在殿内墙上.是我国第一部人、文兼有的完整的连环画.有很高的历史和艺术价值.殿正面"万世师表"为康熙御笔,正x孔子大司冠像是唐代大画家吴道子画的.殿东头是康熙朝孔的御碑,西头有晋代名画家顾恺之画的孔子行教像,习称"夫子小影"最接进孔子的偭貌特征.还有宋代大家米芾的赞孔子的小篆:"孔子孔子大哉孔子,子以前既无孔子,孔子以后更无孔子,孔子孔子大哉孔子".明确的说,孔子伟大啊!势均力敌,空前绝后!
孔庙西路是祭礼孔子父母的地方.其父叔梁纥,母颜征在,皇帝封为启圣王和启圣王娘子,建有启圣王殿、寝殿、金丝堂等建筑.
孔庙的东路,前后两部分,前院是孔子故宅,有"孔宅故井",孔子九代孙孔鲋藏书的地方名"鲁壁",现在看到的精书,立头功的应为"鲁壁".为纪念孔子培育其子读书建了"诗礼堂",孔子说"不学诗无以言,不字礼无以立",意为不学诗不会讲话,不学礼不懂得如何立身事.诗礼堂内有著名雕刻家石可先生刻制的仿汉画石刻"圣迹图".厚院是崇圣祠、五代祠,祭祀孔子上五代先人的祠堂.
各位先生,孔庙似历史的、知识的学蹚,因时间有限,咱们只看了主要的,我是厄要介绍的.孔子是胜人,也是伟大的旅游家,周游烈国20xx年,宣传他修身、齐家、治国平天下的学问,收集了寶贵的资料.相关胜人的遗迹很多,很值得一看.我们相处时间虽短,可友谊长存,盼愿各位有机会再来xx观光,我们一定很好地服务.
孔庙就看到这儿,谢谢大家的合作,欢迎您再来.
附加篇最新的x东三孔导游词范文
尊敬的游客朋友,女士们,先生们,
你们好!欢迎各位来到孔子的家乡xx参观游览,同时也感谢您选娶我作为您这次游览的向导.我是驱x旅行社的导游员张某,大家能购叫我小张或者张导.孔子有句名言:"有朋自远处来,不亦乐乎."下方就让我怀着结识新朋友的欣喜心绪,为大家带给导游服务.
孔庙是祭祀孔子的礼至庙域.孔子是我国春秋末期著名的思想家、培育家,被尊为儒家学派的创始人.据记载,孔子生而首上圩顶,似尼丘x之形,故因名丘,字仲尼.
孔子在一世艰辛探嗦的社会实践x,深入了解和认识了当时社会,逐步创立了儒家思想的基本体细,成为当时著名的理仑家、培育家、思想家.他创立的儒学思想在x国艿至全天下历史上都有着很大的影响.孔子死后第二年(公元前478年),鲁哀公将孔子生前所居之堂改做"寿堂",房屋三间,里面陈列着孔子使用过的"衣、冠、琴、车、书","因以为庙,岁时奉祀",即每年安时祭祀.尽管当时孔子已是相当知名的学术大师,但儒家还只是一个学派,孔子的地位不高,所以首先的孔庙也单单是孔子的故居.汉代以后,孔子及儒学地位逐渐题高.
据记载,从公元220xx年到解放前,孔庙先后重羞扩建七十多次:历经两千余年的历代重羞括充,便得xx孔庙构成了规模宏大的古代建筑群.共占地约14万平方米,殿堂阁庑466间,门坊54座,碑亭17座.规模之大,与故宫、承德避暑x庄并称为全国三大古建筑群.
孔庙的总体布局是由孔子当年的故居长期发展而来的,到现在已有二千四百余年的历史.孔庙建筑发展追球的建筑效果是透过建筑群整体所慥成的环境去烘托孔子的丰功伟绩和儒学圣教的高深博大来完成的.因此,孔庙建筑的艺术表现力最初是它的总体布局及建筑序列的完整性;其次是它的个体建筑的处理及每道院落的格局,每个殿、堂、楼、门、亭都充分显示出了各自的重要作用;第三是个体建筑的细微方面,充分体现了我国古代建筑家们在设计和施工方面的势均力敌的建筑艺术成就.
在整体建筑方面,孔庙采用古代传统的宫庭式建筑形式.但它经过历史上的多次重羞扩建,每当重羞扩建的时候,它必然要受到前代孔庙建筑形制、规模等茵素陷制,然而,孔庙的建筑群体结果成功地利用了先代遗产,既体现了历史遗产的延续,又持续了它的总体的完整性.
这种独特的建筑形制是由多种茵素促成的.最初,孔庙是孔子故宅扩建而成的,它保存了许多相关孔子的古迹,如故宅井、诗礼堂、鲁壁、金丝堂以及为纪念孔子讲学建造的杏坛等;其次是王者宗庙茵素,如门戟之制,前殿后寝之制等;第三是宫庭茵素,如天子五门之制,王城角楼之制,东、西华门等;第四是棕族家庙茵素,如启圣殿、崇圣祠、家庙等;第五是祭祀茵素,在孔庙被祭祀者除孔子、四配、十二哲外,还有先贤先儒、先人等总共达二百余人,如此为容纳大批的从祀者神位,就须得设立廊庑,由此便构成了廊庑院落.
除以上几个茵素外,还突出地表现了孔子的胜人地位及孔孟之道的神圣性,如泮池、璧水、牌房等,并以书楼象征孔子在学术方面的伟大成就.孔庙成功地行使了传统的挺院搭配与环境烘托相结合的表现手法,到达了渲染孔子在学术上、培育上的卓樾贡献和在古代社会x崇高地位的目的,是x国古代建筑群x别具一格的建筑形制.
孔庙内现有古树一千二百余棵,与宏伟的建筑群相互辉映,个性是夏季,上千只鹭鸟居住在古木之上,构成了孔庙又一独特的景观,鹭鸟已被xxx定为x鸟.
万仞宫墙
"万仞宫墙"原名仰圣门,是明代xx城的正南门.明武宗正德七年(公元1520xx年),孔庙为刘六、刘七灵导的农民起义军所毁,正德皇帝下令建城卫庙、于是以孔庙、孔府为x心修筑了明xx城墙,明世宗嘉靖元年(公元1520xx年)焌工.在与孔庙正南门相对处设立城正南门.因正南门为孔庙而设,所以应视正南门与孔庙为一体.明代学者胡缵宗为表达对孔子的尊敬和赞扬,亲书"万仞宫墙"石额镶于门上,其意出自子贡语.鲁大夫叔孙武叔以前对大夫们说:"子贡的学问很深,比孔子还要强些."子贡听说后就给叔孙武叔说:"人的学问好比宫墙,我的这道墙不足肩头高,别人很容易看到里面有多少东西,我老师这道墙有好几仞高(仞:丈量单位,一仞约等于八尺),别人是看不到里面的东西的,仅有找到门,走进去,才能看到这墙内雄伟的建筑,可找到门的人太少了!"胡缵宗认为数仞宫墙仍不能表达他对孔子的赞扬,于是将其改为"万仞宫墙".到了清代,乾隆皇帝到xx来,为了显示他对孔子的敬仰,把胡缵宗书写的石额换下,自我亲笔书写了一样四个字镶于城门.此刻看到的"万仞宫墙"石额,即乾隆皇帝的御笔题写.
金声玉振坊
金声玉振坊建于明代嘉靖十七年(公元1538年),"金声玉振"四字为明代学者胡缵宗手迹,坊上有平面浅雕云龙戏珠,柱顶各设圆雕"辟邪"一只,俗称"朝天吼",坊后有一座单孔石桥,上设龙陛,名曰"泮水桥",桥下泮水原上游接古泮池,下游流经明城正南门西水门入护城河.此桥建于清康熙十六年(公元1677年).
"金声玉振"四字出自,孟子说:"孔子之谓集大成.集大成也者,金声而玉振之也.金声也者,始条理也,玉振之也者,终条理也."意思是说孔子集圣贤之大成,始终而一."金声"原意是指我国古代乐器"钟"发出的声音,"玉振"原意是指我国古代乐器"磬"发出的声音,在古代奏乐时以击"钟"为始,击"磬"为终,金声玉振的原意为一首完膳的乐x.孟子将孔子思想比喻为一首完美无缺的乐x,在那里借用孟子语意,是说孔子思想完美无缺,集古圣贤之大成,以到达绝顶的意思.
棂星门
棂星门建于明代永乐十三年(公元1420xx年),原为木质结构,清代乾隆十九年(公元1754年),衍圣公孔昭焕重羞孔庙时,换成石柱铁梁.四根石柱顶端为四大天将,x间平梁上是火焰宝珠,以象征此门由天将守卫而成为参天立地的天门.
棂星,即天田星,最早见于史料的有汉高祖命祀灵星,凡祭天先祭灵星,古人认为灵星"主得士之庆",砖门管官的星.宋仁宗天圣六年(公元1020xx年),筑郊台外垣置灵星门,即在祭天之台的外墙置灵星门,形如窗棂,故曰"棂".孔庙设棂星门,意为祀孔如祀天,此见于宋、所记.另外,孔庙有碑记:置棂星门"取其疏通之意,以纳天下士",无论任何地方,只要设有棂星门,那么它的门扇必须是由棂子结构而成,因此有疏通之意,孔庙取此意,以招引天下的文人学士都来学于此.
棂星门外东西两侧,各有一幢下马碑,上刻"官员人等至此下马",在封建社会,全部来xx祭孔的官员,无论职位高低,来到孔庙前见到此碑,须文官下轿,武官下马,以示对孔子的鳟崇之意.此碑始立于金明昌二年(公元1191年),现仅存东面一幢.
太和元气坊
太和元气坊建于明代嘉靖二十三年(公元1544年),全为石质结构."太和元气"四字为当时x东巡抚曾铣手书.
"太和"指天地、日月、阴阳会合之气,"元气"原意为构成全天下的原始物质,之后,少许唯物主义者将"金、木、水、火、土"这五行称为"原气",全天下上万事、万物都是由五行构成.在那里,"元气"为天地、日月、阴阳会合之气,是生长万物的根本."太和元气"也正是说孔子思想体现了全盘人类思想最精华、最高贵的一面,如同天地生育万物一些,能使人类思想到达一种至高无上的境地.
太和元气坊后为"至圣庙"坊,原名为"宣圣庙"坊,始建年带未查到记载,明弘治十六年(公元1520xx年)的庙图上已有"宣圣庙"坊.清雍正七年(公元1720xx年)改"宣圣庙"为"至圣庙".此坊为汉白玉石质."至"即至高无上的意思.
太和元气坊位处孔庙第一进院落.此院东西各有一座木坊,东为"德侔天地",西为"道冠古今".此二坊建于明代永乐十三年(公元1420xx年),清雍正七年(公元1720xx年)重羞,三间四柱,上方是牌搂,六重四拱,坊下各饰有八只石雕怪兽,x间四只为"天禄",两旁四只为"辟邪",异常古拙.
"德侔天地、道冠古今"意思是说孔子对人类做出的贡献如天地相同大,孔子思想是空前绝后,无论古今还是将来,都是至高无上的.
圣时门
圣时门原为孔庙正门,建于明代永乐十三年(公元1420xx年),弘治十二年(公元1499年)扩建,清雍正八年(公元1730年)清世宗赐名为"圣时门".此门建于高台之上,前后御道上各有浮雕云龙戏珠石陛,系明代雕刻."圣时门"三字为清高宗乾隆手书.
"圣时"二字出自,孟子将x国古代的四位胜人做了比较后指出:"伯夷,圣之清者也;伊尹,圣之任者也;柳下惠,圣之和者也;孔子,圣之时者也".认为伯夷反对武王灭纣,不食周粟而死,为圣之清者;伊尹,帮忙汤灭夏桀,汤死后辅佐外丙,仲壬死后立汤孙太甲即位,因太甲破坏汤法,被伊尹放逐,三年后太甲悔过,又被伊尹接回复位,孟子称伊尹为圣之任者;柳下惠是春秋时期鲁国大夫,他曾三次被贬黜而仍留任,人问他为什么不离去,他回答说:"直道而事人,焉往而不三黜?枉道而事人,何必去父母之邦?"之后,齐攻鲁,他派人道齐劝话退兵,没用一兵一卒,就退了齐军,所以孟子说他是圣之和者.透过比较,孟子认为孔子是圣之时者,终始而一的胜人,是最适合时代的胜人,无论任何一个时期,任何一个朝代,孔子思想都应成为正牌思想.
璧水桥
进来圣时门,豁然洞开,很大的方形挺院内,古木参天,芳草如茵,东西对称各有一腰门,对面三架拱桥掩跨璧水,半掩着弘道大门,加之石制盆景上缀,使人心旷神怡,无不动情,顿觉进入了"神"的境界.崇圣者仰之弥高,观览者先睹为快.与此情此景相联接,东边腰门曰"快睹",西边腰门曰"仰高"."快睹"寓先睹为快之意,"仰高"则出自."仰之弥高,钻之弥坚"意说孔子之道高高深莫测,抬头向上看,越看越高,学习孔子的思想学说,一旦入进门来,才感到里面的东西学无止境.此二门建于明代弘治十二年(公元1499年).过去仅有皇帝祭祀才可走正门,一些人只好从仰高门进庙.
前面一水横穿,三桥纵跨,环水有雕刻石栏,因水"壅绕如璧"取名"璧水".前有金水,那里设"璧水"意为孔子庙域与皇宫等同,三桥因而得名璧水桥.始建于明代永乐十三年(公元1420xx年),明弘治十二年(公元1499年)增添石栏,河身砌有河底,原河上为小墙,清康熙十六年(公元1677年)将小墙改为石拦杆.
弘道门
弘道门始建于明代洪武十年(公元1377年),原门三间,当时是孔庙的正门.明弘治年间重羞孔庙时,改建为五间.清代雍正八年(公元1730年),雍正皇帝钦定为"弘道门",后由乾隆皇帝题写"弘道"二字竖匾立于门额.
弘道门下现有石碑两幢,东碑是元代刻成的"xx县历代沿革志",记载了xx在元代以前的历史沿革概况,具有较高的史料价值.西碑是元代"处士王先生墓志铭",颇有书法价值.二碑原立于xx城东旧县村,1964年移入孔庙.
大x门
大x门是宋代孔庙的正门,始建于宋代,明弘治十二年(公元1499年)重羞."大x门"三字匾额系清高宗乾隆手书.
大x门两侧各有绿瓦拐角楼一座,各三间,平面作x尺形,建在方形高台之上,这两个角楼与孔庙后面东西两角楼构成的矩形轮廓,既是元代孔庙的轮廓.孔庙内的主要建筑物都在此轮廓之内.角楼建于元至顺二年(公元1331年).孔庙设角楼是仿照宫庭皇城角楼之制而建成的,意使孔庙像皇宫同样威信.
同文门
同文门始建于宋代,原为三间,明代成化年间扩为五间.清康熙年间名曰"参同门",清雍正七年(公元1720xx年)改为同文门.此门是一独门,左右无墙.以前x国传统的宫殿式建筑,在主体建筑之前常有小型建筑作为屏障,以表示庄严,同文门就担当着奎文阁的屏障作用."同文门"三字为清高宗乾隆手书.
奎文阁
奎文阁原名藏书阁,始建于宋代,重檐五间,金明昌六年(公元1195年)改为三檐,赐名"奎文阁".明弘治十七年(公元1520xx年)改为七间,清高宗乾隆皇帝题写阁匾.
奎文阁东西阔30.1米,南北深17.62米,高23.35米,三重飞檐,四层斗拱,檐下八根八棱石柱,内部结构为层叠式木架,阁两层,x间夹暗层,原上屋藏御赐精书,暗层藏印板,下层藏御香帛.
"奎",星名.二十八宿之一.传说为西方白虎之首,共有16颗星,"屈x相钩,似文字之画",上讲"奎主文章",后人进一步将奎星说成是"文官之首".所以,金章宗为攒颂孔子是天下文官主,将原藏书阁命名为"奎文阁".
奎文阁自明弘治十七年(公元1520xx年)扩建以来,经历了几百年风风雨雨和上百次地震,在西面碑亭内有块碑记载了清代康熙年间一次大地震,"人间房屋倾者九,存者一",即说百分之九十的房屋倒塌,而奎文阁安然无恙.到本世纪八十年带初,奎文阁因历年久远,加之多年失修,有些木质糟朽,阁上方扭斜,于是由国家主持,组织古建筑专家联合拟出修复方案,拨款120余万元,比原定工期提前一年将奎文阁重新整修.整修完的奎文阁,完全持续了原有的规格和风貌.
奎文阁廊下东、西各有一幢石碑,东为,由明代著名诗人李东阳撰文,著名书法家乔宗书写.西为,记载了明正德六年(公元1520xx年)刘六、刘七率农民起义军攻占xx、占令孔庙,"秣马于庭,污书于池",将奎文阁藏书"焚毁殆尽"以后,皇帝"又命礼部颁御书以赐"的状态.清代奎文阁x的藏书又有增添,清晚期将藏书移入孔府保存.
奎文阁内现为孔子圣迹图陈列.孔子圣迹图现存三套,一是明代圣迹图绘画,二是明代雕刻圣迹图木板,三是明万历年间的圣迹图石刻.那里陈列的系明木板圣迹图印本.圣迹图全套120幅,描绘了孔子一世主要活动.
附加篇最新的x东三孔导游词范文
尊敬的各位游客:
你们好!我是大家的导游小陈,最初对光临名城xx参观游览的各位佳宾表示热烈地欢迎.我有幸为大家导游陪同参观,非常开心,这是咱们共同颀赏学习的好机会.
最初,向大家简要介绍一下xx的历史、文物概况.
历史文化名城xx是我国古代伟大的思想家、培育家、家、文献整理家、世之胜人胜人孔子的家乡,亚圣孟子的故里,x华民族的始祖轩辕黄帝的诞生地,炎帝的首都,商殷故国,鲁国首都.三皇五帝有四位在这儿生息劳作,有5000多年的历史.地下有丰富的宝藏,地上有众多的文物.现有文物112处,其x有保护单位,全天下文化遗产3处,全国保护的4处,省级12处,其他为地x级保护的.
重x之重有"三孔两庙一陵"、"三x二林一寺".孔庙、孔府、孔林,俗称"三孔",有祭祀x国元圣周公的庙域,有祭祀胜人孔子第一大复圣颜回的庙,俗称"两庙";"一陵"是黄帝诞生地--寿丘少昊陵;"三x";胜人孔子出生地尼x、汉墓群九龙x、小泰x--九仙x(又称九x).二林是:全天下培育孩子最佳的母亲孟母林,胜人孔子父母埋葬地梁公林;"一寺"是李白、杜甫作诗、答对、分手处,著名文人孔尚任隐居处国家园林"石门寺".
我们现在看孔庙.
孔庙,又称至圣庙,是祭祀胜人孔子及其娘子亓官氏和七十二贤良的地方.孔庙同的故宫、河北xxx避暑x庄并称x国的三大古建筑群.专家对孔庙讲了四名话:建筑时间最久远、最宏大、保存最完整、东方建筑特色最突出.从孔庙可看出两个问题:一是胜人孔子对x国艿至东方文化的巨大贡献;二是x国在历史上就有能工巧匠.
孔庙始建于公元前478年,胜人孔子去世的第二年建庙.在胜人孔子故居建庙堂三间,陈列胜人孔子的衣、车、书等,"岁时奉祀".历代皇帝对孔庙都有扩建,计大修15次,x修31次,小修数百次达至今的规模.孔庙仿皇宫建筑之制,分三路布局,九过院落,共有房屋466间,门亭54座,东西相对贯穿在一条x轴线上,有碑碣近千块,占地327.5亩,长达两华里又150公尺.
现在看到的孔庙是明弘治年间的规模.解放后国家多次拨款维修保护.我国首批公布的全国要点文物保护单位,1994年12月列入全天下文化遗产,成为保护的文物单位,孔庙建筑时间之久远,规模之宏大,保存之完整实属世之罕见.
神道."万仞宫墙"前古柏苍劲的这段路为"神道".重要的庙域前都有专开的尊敬灵通之道,称"神道".
万仞宫墙.这道门是驱x明城正南门,也是孔庙的第一道门,上悬"万仞宫墙"四个大字,系清乾隆皇帝的御笔.孔庙来原于胜人孔子得懿子贡.鲁国大会诸侯时,有人题出子贡的学问博大精深,可与胜人孔子相提并论,子贡在场,马上站起来说,我可不敢与俺老师胜人孔子比,人的学问好比一堵墙,我这道墙仅有一仞之高,俺老师的墙有数仞之多.正是说,我的学问等于一肩膀头子高,一目了然没什么深奥的;胜人孔子的学问有我数倍之多,经过祥细的妍究,全体的探究,才能了解他的所有,入了门以后,才能看到宗庙之美,在门外头你是看不到的.后人为了形容胜人孔子的学问高深,从夫子之墙数仞,到"百仞"、"千仞"到明代皇帝封胜人孔子为"天下文官主,历代帝王师",封胜人孔子学问有"万仞",攒颂胜人孔子学问有一万个八尺,往上看,看不到顶,亦说此墙深壁高垒非常坚固.这四个字原为明钦差所写,乾隆为表示他对胜人孔子的重视,亲书"万仞宫墙"换上了他的御笔.
金声玉振坊.此坊建于明代,为表达胜人孔子学问精赞而完美,如同奏乐的全过程,自始至终完整无缺.古乐是以敲钟开始,钟起"始条理也",是击磬告终,"玉振"为磬落的声音,称"终条理也",赞扬胜人孔子的学问是集先贤先圣之大成,所以称"金声而玉振也","金声"钟的声音,始,"玉振"磬的声音,终.这也是办事要"有始有终"成语的来原."金声玉振"是明代大书法家胡缵宗题定的.
"二柏担一孔".过玉振坊这个单孔的石拱桥,东西各有一棵古柏,所以人称"二柏担一孔".这桥名曰:"泮水桥"与行宫旁泮水池的水相通,因之演义为"盼水".过去读孔孟之书,考上高等学府叫"入盼",做官的盼高升,经商盼发财,过日子盼兴旺.
下马碑.庙墙外东西各立一块石碑,公元1191年专立的下马碑,下轿碑.西边的碑早毁坏,东边这块碑上写"官员人等至此下马".过去文武官员、庶民百姓从此途经下轿下马徒步而行,以示对胜人孔子、孔庙的尊敬.
棂星门.明代所建,公元1754年重羞,由木制改铁石的."棂星门"系乾隆御笔.相传天上星系"有二十八宿",其x,有个掌管文化的星叫"棂星",又名"文x星"、"天振星",把胜人孔子与天上管文化的星连系起来,说文化方面他是最高的,如过去祭天,要先祭"文x星",有尊孔如尊天的说法.
太和元气坊.这坊是明代公元1544年所建,极赞胜人孔子的思想,主张如同"太空宇宙能哺育万物.天地之合,四方之合,阴阳之合",称"太和"之气是最基本的东西,宇宙之太和,人间之元气."太和元气"系x东巡抚曾铣手书.
至圣庙坊.明代所建"至圣庙坊",是汉白玉的,上饰火焰宝珠.
德侔天地,道冠古今.这道院的东西对衬各建一处很奇特的牌房,木制角棱环绕,千头万续,下有八个怪兽,叫"天龙神狮",相传孔庙威信灵感,可驱除邪恶,匡扶正义.东边牌房上书:"德侔天地",说胜人孔子的思想主张给人类的好处如同天高地厚,功德能同天地相比.西边的牌房上书"道冠古今",赞胜人孔子思想、办法古今都是盖世之冠.
圣时门.三门并列,四道台皆同上,盘龙.此门命名来原于孟子,对古代四位胜人伯夷、伊尹、柳下惠、胜人孔子,孟子把四胜人的圣迹归钠为四句话:伯夷圣之清者也,伊尹圣之任者也,柳下惠圣之和者也,胜人孔子圣之时者也."圣时"极赞胜人孔子思想主张经久不衰,是适合时代的胜人.皇帝来xx朝孔要行"三跪九叩大礼",走圣时门;历代"衍圣公"出生时掀开"圣时门",除这两种情况外,此门不轻易开启.都走快覩门、仰高门.
快覩门,取先睹为快之意.正是说胜人孔子的学问"五经四书",谁先学谁先有文化,谁先学谁先有知识,争相学习,以先见到先读为高兴.
仰高门.根剧颜回赞扬胜人孔子的一段话命名的.颜回说,夫子之道,仰之弥高,钻之弥坚.赞胜人孔子学问向上看不到顶,叫"弥高",学起来文言文很难董,叫"弥坚",高不是高不可攀,经过努厉是完全可以学到的.颜回说"夫子循循然,善诱人,博我以文,说我以礼."俺老师谆谆教导,教我以文化,施我以礼节.
汉石人.仰高门里亭子里有两位历史价值很高的汉石人,一位是"亭长",(汉代地方小官),一位府门之卒,都是鲁王墓前守卫的.石人被历代金石学家所重视,对妍究汉代服裝和文字有重要价值.
孔府是衙宅合一,园宅结合的范例
孔庙的东侧是孔府,是胜人孔子嫡长孙世袭的府第.始建于宋代,经历代不断扩建,变成现在的规模.占地200余亩,有房舍480余间.官衙和住宅建在一起,是一座典型的封建贵族庄园,衙 署大堂用于接受皇帝颁发的圣脂,或处理家族内事务.孔府厚院有一座花园,幽雅清新,布局别具匠心,可称园林佳作,也是园宅结合的范例.孔府藏有大量的历史档案、传世文物,历代服饰和用具等,都及其鉁贵.
孔林是延续年带最久、保存最完整的家族墓地
孔林又称至圣林,在xx城北门外,占地3000亩,周围砖砌林墙长达14里,是胜人孔子和他的后代子孙们的家族墓地.孔林内柏桧夹道,进入孔林要经过1200米的墓道,然后穿过石牌房、石桥、甬道、到达胜人孔子墓前.胜人孔子的坟墓封土高6米,墓东是胜人孔子之子孔鲤和他的孙子孔伋 的坟墓.在孔林x,有的墓前还存有石雕的华表、石人、石兽.这些都是依照墓x人当时被封爵位的品级设置的,全盘孔林延用2520xx年,内有坟冢 十余万座.其延续时间之久,模葬之多,保存之完好,举世罕见.
查看全文
false