对文化含义词的翻译https://fanyi.baidu.com/?aldtype=23#zh/en/%E5%AF%B9%E6%96%87%E5%8C%96%E5%90%AB%E4%B9%89%E8%AF%8D
英语和汉语中语义对应的一对词,其附加意义和语用意义不一定相同。如汉语的“月”和英语的“moon”,指称意义相同,但“月”所具有的丰富的附加义和语用意义,如“团圆”“冰轮”“但愿人长久,千里共婵娟”以及引人发思古之幽情、思乡之愁绪等功能,是“moon”所缺乏的。
蝙蝠因为谐音,被汉民族当成吉祥物,在英语文化中,它是吸血鬼的象征。因此“蝙蝠迎宾”意译为“Birds Welcoming the Guests”更加稳妥。
更多的例子如:
(1)孔乙己是站着喝酒而穿长衫的唯一的人……(鲁迅《孔乙己》)
Kung was the only long- gowned customer to drink his own standing…
Note:Long gowns were usually worn only by the gentry at the turn of 20th century in China.(直译加注)
(2)倩绘一像,一手挽红丝,一手携杖悬姻缘簿,……(沈复《浮生六记》)
It was a picture of the Old Man holding,in one hand,a red silk thread(for the purpose of binding together the hearts of all couples)and,in the other,a walking- stick with the Book of Matrimony suspended from it…(林语堂译)(直译加注)
(3)赵爷今年五十九,两个儿子,四个孙子,老两个夫妻齐眉,只却是个布衣。(吴敬梓《儒林外史》)
Dr.Chao is fifty- nine this year and has two sons and four grandsons while his wife has grown old with him:he is still an ordinary citizen.
(杨宪益、戴乃迭译)(意译)
(4)那日从学里师爷家迎了回来,小舍人头上戴着方巾,身上披着大红绸,……(吴敬梓《儒林外史》)
The day that young Gu was welcomed back from the school he wore a scholar' s capand a broad red silk sash…(杨宪益、戴乃迭译)(意译)
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