1. Wearing a seat belt saves lives; it reduces your chance of death or serious injury by more than half.
2. But it will be the drivers responsibility to make sure that children under 14 do not ride in the front unless they are wearing a seat belt of some kind.
3. However, you do not have to wear a seat belt if you are reversing your vehicle; or you are making a local delivery or collection using a special vehicle; or if you have a valid1 medical certificate which excuses you from wearing it.
4. Remember you may be taken to court for not doing so, and you may be fined if you cannot prove to the court that you have been excused from wearing it.
5. Professor Taiju Matsuzawa wanted to find out why otherwise healthy farmers in northern Japan appeared to be losing their ability to think and reason at a relatively2 early age, and how the process of ageing could he slowed down.
6. With a team of colleagues at Tokyo National University, he set about measuring brain volumes of a thousand people of different ages and varying occupations.
7. Computer technology enabled the researchers to obtain precise measurements of the volume of the front and side sections of the brain, which relate to intellect (智能) and emotion, and determine the human character.
8. Contraction3 of front and side parts as cells die off was observed in some subjects in their thirties, but it was still not evident in some sixty and seventy-year-olds.
9. The findings show in general terms that contraction of the brain begins sooner in people in the country than in the towns.
10. White collar workers doing routine work in government offices are, however, as likely to have shrinking brains as the farm worker, bus driver and shop assistant.
11. We know that you have a high opinion of the kind of learning taught in your colleges, and that the costs of living of our young men, while with you, would be very expensive to you.
12. But you must know that different nations have different ways of looking at things, and you will therefore not be offended if our ideas of this kind of education happen not to be the same as yours.
13. We are, however, not the less obliged by your kind offer, though we refuse to accept it; and, to show our grateful sense of it, if the gentlemen of Virginia will send us a dozen of their sons, we will take care of their education, teach them in all we know , and make men of them.
14. In what now seems like the prehistoric4 times of computer history, the earths postwar era, there was quite a wide-spread concern that computers would take over the world from man one day.
15. Already today, less than forty years later, as computers are relieving us of more and more of the routine tasks in business and in our personal lives. We are faced with a less dramatic but also less foreseen problem.
16. Obviously, there would be no point in investing in a computer if you had to check all its answers, but people should also rely on their own internal computers and check the machine when they have the feeling that something has gone wrong.
17. Certainly Newton considered some theoretical aspects of it in his writings, but he was reluctant to go to sea to further his work.
18. For most people the sea was remote, and with the exception of early intercontinental travellers or others who earned a living from the sea, there was little reason to ask many questions about it , let alone to ask what lay beneath the surface.
19. The first time that the question What is at the bottom of the oceans had to be answered with any commercial consequence was when the laying of a telegraph cable from Europe to America was proposed.
20. At the early attempts, the cable failed and when it was taken out for repairs it was found to be covered in living growths, a fact which defied contemporary scientific opinion that there was no life in the deeper parts of the sea.
第一部分(1-20句译文)
1、系好安全带能够挽救性命，它能将丧生和重伤的概率减少一半以上。
2、但是司机有责任确保14岁以下的孩子不要坐在前排，除非他们系好了安全带。
3、当然，如果有以下情况你可以不系安全带：你在倒车时，或者你用一种特殊交通工具进行当地的货物运送、收集时，或者你有合法的医学证明你不能系安全带时。
4、注意你如果不这么做(系安全带)的话，你有可能被告上法庭，而且你有可能被处以罚款除非你能证明你有不带安全带的理由。
5、Taiju Matsuzawa 教授想找出为什么日本北部的健康农民在相对年轻的年龄就显得开始失去思考与推理的能力的原因以及怎样才能延缓老化过程。
6、在东京国立大学的同事们的帮助下，他开始对一千来自不同职业的人群进行了大脑体积的测量。
7、计算机技术帮助研a href="//municate effectively.
28. The problem is, how to encourage a child to express himself freely and confidently in writing without holding him back with the complexities2 of spelling
29. It may have been a sharp criticism of the pupils technical abilities in writing, but it was also a sad reflection on the teacher who had omitted to read the essay, which contained some beautiful expressions of the childs deep feelings.
30. The teacher was not wrong to draw attention to the errors, but if his priorities had centred on the childs ideas, an expression of his disappointment with the presentation would have given the pupil more motivation to seek improvement.
31. Given the nature of government and private employers, it seems most likely that discrimination by private employers would be greater.
32. The release of the carbon in these compounds for recycling depends almost entirely3 on the action of both aerobic4 and anaerobic5 bacteria and certain types of fungi6.
33. A spirited discussion springs up between a young girl who says that women have outgrown7 the jumping-on-a-chair-at-the-sight-of-a mouse era and a major who says that they havent.
34. They are trying to find out whether there is something about the way we teach language to children which in fact prevents children from learning sooner.
35. Mathematicians8 who have tried to use the computers to copy the way the brain works have found that even using the latest electronic equipment they would have to build a computer which weighed over 10,000 kilos.
36. Since different people like to do so many different things in their spare time, we could make a long list of hobbies, taking in everything from collecting matchboxes and raising rare fish, to learning about the stars and making model ships.
37. They know that a seal swimming under the ice will keep a breathing hole open by its warm breath, so they will wait beside the hole and kill it.
38. We may be able to decide whether someone is white only by seeing if they have none of the features that would mark them clearly as a member of another race.
39. Although signs of dishonesty in school , business and government seem much more numerous in years than in the past, could it be that we are getting better at revealing such dishonesty
40. It is not quite a matter of disagreeing with the theory of independence, but of rejecting its implications: that the romances may be taken in any or no particular order, that they have no cumulative9 effect, and that they are as separate as the works of a modern novelist.
第二部分(21-40句译文)
21、学生们所学的每一门课程都有分数，而且要被记录存档，这可以用来提供给将来学生的雇主们。
22、所有这些给学生们施加了很大的压力，尽管如此，学生们还是积极参加学生活动。
23、而有效遵守纪律的学生们往往是那些经常给校方提建议的学生。
24、当丈夫们和妻子们认识到这种能量圈的意思以及各个家庭成员所处的圈之后，许多家庭争吵就结束了。
25、只要可能，在下午做那些程序化的工作，把需要更多能量的工作留到你效率最好的时候去做。
26、我们也很看重个人品德和社交技能，我们发现混合能力的教育对学习的各个方面都有帮助。
27、他们也要学习如何处理个人问题和怎样思考，怎样决策、分析和评估以及有效沟通。
28、问题是，怎样鼓励一个孩子在写作时自由自信的表达自己，而不被拼写的复杂所捆绕。
29、这可能是对学生在写作中的技术能力的尖锐批评，但也是老师的失败的悲哀反映忽略了朗读文章，这其中优美的表达可以激发孩子们的深刻感受。
30、老师注重错误没错，但是如果他更注重孩子的思想的话，他失望的表现会使孩子有提高的动力。
31、根据政府和私人雇主的性质来看，私人雇主更有可能采取歧视。
32、这种化合物通过碳的释放来实现循环，主要依靠喜氧和厌氧细菌以及一些菌类的活动。
33、一场激烈的争论在一个女孩和一位少校中展开了，前者说女人们已经不再看到老鼠就从椅子上跳起来了，而后者说她们依然那样。
34、他们在尝试寻找是否我们教授孩子们语言的方法中有阻碍孩子们迅速学习语言的东西。
35、使用计算机来拷贝大脑工作方式的数学家们发现即使使用最先进的电子设备，他们也要建造一台超过10，000公斤的计算机。
36、既然不同的人们在他们的业余时间做不同的事情，我们可以列出一长串爱好列表，包括从收集火柴盒到养珍稀鱼类以及学习星学和制造航模等各种消遣。
37、他们知道在冰面下面游泳的海豹呼吸的热气会使冰面上出现洞口，于是他们就在洞旁守侯并捕杀海豹。
38、只要一个人没有属于其他人种的明显的特征，我们就可以判断他是否属于白色人种。
39、尽管在学校，企业和政府中不诚实的欺诈行为近年来比以往都要多，大那也许是因为我们在这些方面加大了揭露的力度。
40、并不是与独立理论不一致，而是与其应用不相符合：爱情小说可以以任何一种形式展现或者根本没有特殊的规律，他们没有累积效果，就象现代小说家的作品一样独立。
41. His thesis works relatively1 well when applied2 to discrimination against Blacks in the United States, but his definition of racial prejudice as racially-based negative prejudgments against a group generally accepted as a race in any given region of ethnic3 competition, can be interpreted as also including hostility4 toward such ethnic groups as the Chinese in California and the Jews in medieval Europe.
42. Gutman argues convincingly that the stability of the Black family encouraged the transmission of and so was crucial in sustaining the Black heritage of folklore5, music, and religious expression from one generation to another, a heritage that slaves were continually fashioning out of their African and American experiences.
43. Even the folk knowledge in social systems on which ordinary life is based in earning, spending, organizing, marrying, taking part in political activities, fighting and so on , is not very dissimilar from the more sophisticated images of the social system derived6 from the social sciences, even though it is built upon the very imperfect samples of personal experience.
44. There are several steps that can be taken, of which the chief one is to demand of all the organizations that exist with the declared objectives of safeguarding the interests of animals that they should declare clearly where they stand on violence towards people.
45. It was possible to demonstrate by other methods refined structural7 differences among neuron types, however, proof was lacking that the quality of the impulse or its conduction was influenced by these differences, which seemed instead to influence the developmental patterning of the neural8 circuits.
46. According to this theory, it is not the quality of the sensory9 nerve impulses that determines the diverse conscious sensations they produce, but rather the different areas of the brain into which they discharge , and there is some evidence for this view.
47. The result of attrition is that, where the areas of the whole leaves follow a normal distribution, a bimodal distribution is produced, one peak composed mainly of fragmented pieces, the other of the larger remains10.
48. The Bible does not tell us how the Roman census11 takers made out, and as regards our more immediate12 concern, the reliability13 of present day economic forecasting, there are considerable difference of opinion.
49. A survey conducted in Britain confirmed that an abnormally high percentage of patients suffering from arthritis14 of the spine15 who had been treated with X rays contracted cancer.
50. Yet across the gulf16 of space, minds that are to our minds as ours are to those of the beasts that perish, intellects vast and cool and unsympathetic, regarded this earth with envious17 eyes, and slowly and surely drew their plans against us.
51. Even the doctoral degree, long recognized as a required union card in the academic world, has come under severe criticism as the pursuit of learning for its own sake and the accumulation of knowledge without immediate application to a professors classroom duties.
52. While a selection of necessary details is involved in both, the officer must remain neutral and clearly try to present a picture of the facts, while the artist usually begins with a preconceived message or attitude which is then transmitted through the use of carefully selected details of action described in words intended to provoke associations and emotional reactions in the reader.
53. Articles in the popular press even criticize the Gross National Production (GNP) because it is not such a complete index of welfare, ignoring, on the one hand, that it was never intended to be, and suggesting, on the other, that with appropriate changes it could be converted into one.
54. Other experiments revealed slight variations in the size, number, arrangement, and interconnection of the nerve cells, but as far as psychoneuaral correlations18 were concerned, the obvious similarities of these sensory fields to each other seemed much more remarkable19 than any of the minute differences.
55. The Chinese have distributed publications to farmers and other rural residents instructing them in what to watch for their animals so that every household can join in helping20 to predict earthquakes.
56. Supporters of the Star Wars defense21 system hope that this would not only protect a nation against an actual nuclear attack, but would be enough of a threat to keep a nuclear war from ever happening.
57. Neither would it prevent cruise missiles or bombers22, whose flights are within the Earths atmosphere, from hitting their targets.
58. Civil rights activists23 have long argued that one of the principal reasons why Blacks, Hispanics, and other minority groups have difficulty establishing themselves in business is that they lack access to the sizable orders and subcontracts that are generated by large companies.
59. During the nineteenth century, she argues, the concept of the useful child who contributed to the family economy gave way gradually to the present day notion of the useless child who, though producing no income for, and indeed extremely costly24 to its parents, is yet considered emotionally priceless.
60. Well established among segments of the middle and upper classes by the mid-1800s, this new view of childhood spread throughout society in the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries as reformers introduced child labor25 regulations and compulsory26 education laws predicted in part on the assumption that a childs emotional value made child labor taboo27.
第三部分(41-60句译文)
41、对于针对美国黑人的种族歧视，他的理论相对成立得较好，但是他将种族偏见如此定义：在某一特定区域内的种族竞争中被普遍接受的一个种族所受到的基于种族的负面偏见。可以看作也包含有对象加州的中国人以及中世纪的犹太人等少数民族的敌视。
42、加特曼确凿地说明黑人家庭的稳定鼓励了黑人文化遗产的传递和维护，这些遗产包括从一代传到另一代的民间传说，音乐，和宗教表述，这些遗产使非洲和美洲的奴隶们特色显著。
43、即使社会系统的民间知识中像挣钱，花费，组织，婚嫁，政治活动的参与，以及战斗等等，都与从社会科学中衍生出来更加精细的社会系统描述相差不多，尽管它是建立在一个不太完善的个人经验上的模型。
44、有几项措施可以采取，其中主要的是要所有宣布以保护动物利益为目标的组织都明确宣布他们对于人类所受到的暴力袭击表决坚定的立场、
45、用其他方式来展示神经类型的细微差别也是可能的，然而，要证明脉冲质量和传导受到这些差别的影响还缺乏证据，看起来这些差别影响的是神经单元的发展形成方式。
46、根据这一理论，不是由感觉神经脉冲的质量来决定他们产生的各种神经感觉的，而是由他们被发射到大脑的哪一部位来决定的，对这一观点是有证据的。
47、磨擦的结果是，在叶面上服从正态分布的地方就会产生两种分布方式，顶点上主要是小块，其他的地方是小块，其他的地方是大块的地方。
48、圣经没有告诉我们罗马的数据统计者们怎样达到我们今天的经济预测的可靠性的，我们进一步思考的话，其中的意见上有很大的不同。
49、在英国进行的一项调查证实经常接受X光照射的脊椎关节炎患者癌症的百分比高得不正常。
50、然而，穿过太空的港湾，那里的意识对于我们的来说就像我们的意识比动物的意识一样，冷酷广博而无情的智慧，用嫉妒的眼睛看作地球，慢慢地肯定会制定针对我们的计划。
51、即使是学术界被长时间认作必须同盟卡的博士学位，现在也因为仅仅为了学习本身和知识的累积而学习，却不把知识应用到教授的教学职责中去而受到了严厉的批评。
52、尽管收集必要的信息对于两者来说都是需要的，但官员必须以中立和清晰的态度来提供事实的画面，而艺术家从已设字的信息或者态度开始，并将其过用激发读者共鸣和情绪反应的词语描写的动用细节描述出来。
53、流行期刊中甚至有文章批评国民生产总值，因为它并不是一个福利目录，一方面忽视了它从来就没有这种倾向，另一方面的建议是通过正确的改变它才能被转化过来。
54、其他的实验揭示神经细胞的大小、数量、排列和连接的细微变化，但就神经关联而言，这些感觉区域的相似性比那些细微的区别更有意义可言。
55、中国向农民和其它农村住户发放了宣传刊物，指导他们观察动物，以便每户人家都能参与帮助地震预报。
56、星球大战防御系统的支持者们希望它不仅能保护一个遭受核攻击的国家，也希望它能成为使核攻击永不发生的足够威胁。
57、它也不能防止轨道在地球大气层以内的洲际导弹和轰炸机命中目标。
58、人民活动家一直认为黑人和拉丁美人难以在生意上立足的原因是因为他们难以取得大公司的大宗定单和分包合同。
59、她认为十九世纪给家庭经济作出贡献的孩子才有用的概念慢慢改变了，今天提到那些没有挣取收入的无用孩子，甚至还要花销很多，仍然在情感上被认为是无价的。
60、这种关于孩子的观点到19世纪时已在中上阶级中建立，并于19世纪末20世纪初在社会上广泛传播，当时改革者们推行童工规定和义务教育法，部分来源于孩子的情感价值的假设，这都使得使用童工被禁止了。
61. Of course, it would be as dangerous to overreact to history by concluding that the majority must now be wrong about expansion as it would be to re-enact the response that greeted the suggestion that the continents had drifted.
62. While the fact of this consumer revolution is hardly in doubt, three key questions remain: who were the consumers What were their motives1 And what were the effect of the new demand for luxuries
63. Although it has been possible to infer from the goods and services actually produced what manufacturers and servicing trades thought their customers wanted, only a study of relevant personal documents written by actual consumers will provide a precise picture of who wanted what.
64. With respect to their reasons for immigrating2, Grassy3 does not deny their frequently noted4 fact that some of the immigrants of the 1630s, most notably5 the organizers and clergy6, advanced religious explanations for departure, but he finds that such explanations usually assumed primacy only in retrospect7.
65. If we take the age-and sex-specific unemployment rates that existed in 1956 (when the overall unemployment rate was 4.1 percent) and weight them by the age- and sex-specific shares of the labor8 force that prevail currently, the overall unemployment rate becomes 5 percent.
66. He was puzzled that I did not want what was obviously a step up toward what all Americans are taught to want when they grow up: money and power.
67. Unless productivity growth is unexpectedly large, however, the expansion of real output must eventually begin to slow down to the economys larger run growth potential if generalized demand pressures on prices are to be avoided.
68. However, when investment flows primarily in one direction, as it generally does from industrial to developing countries, the seemingly reciprocal source-based restrictions9 produce revenue sacrifices primarily by the state receiving most of the foreign investment and producing most of the incomenamely ,the developing country partner.
69. The pursuit of private interests with as little interference as possible from government was seen as the road to human happiness and progress rather than the public obligation and involvement in the collective community that emphasized by the Greeks.
70. The defense10 lawyer relied on long-standing principles governing the conduct of prosecuting11 attorneys: as quasi-judicial officers of the court they are under a duty not to prejudice a partys case through overzealous prosecution12 or to detract from the impartiality13 of courtroom atmosphere.
71. No prudent14 person dared to act on the assumption that, when the continent was settled, one government could include the whole; and when the vast expense broke up, as seemed inevitable15, into a collection of separate nations, only discord16, antagonism17, and wars could be expected.
72. If they were right in thinking that the next necessity in human progress was to lift the average person upon an intellectual and social level with the most favored, they stood at least three generations nearer than Europe to that goal.
73. Somehow he knows that if our huckstering civilization did not at every moment violate the eternal fitness of things, the poets song would have been given to the world, and the poet would have been cared for by the whole human brotherhood18, as any man should be who does the duty that every man owes it.
74. The instinctive19 sense of the dishonor which money-purchase does to art is so strong that sometimes a man of letters who can pay his way otherwise refuses pay for his work, as Lord Byron did, for a while, from a noble pride, and as Count Tolstoy has tried to do, from a noble conscience.
75. Perhaps he believed that he could not criticize American foreign policy without endangering the support for civil rights that he had won from the federal government.
76. Abraham Lincoln, who presided in his stone temple on August 28, 1963 above the children of the slaves he emancipated20 (解放), may have used just the right words to sum up the general reaction to the Negroes massive march on Washington.
77. In the Warren Court era, voters asked the Court to pass on issues concerning the size and shape of electoral districts, partly out of desperation because no other branch of government offered relief, and partly out of hope that the Court would reexamine old decisions in this area as it had in others, looking at basic constitutional principles in the light of modern living conditions.
78. Some even argue plausibly21 that this weakness may be irremediable : in any society that, like a capitalist society, seeks to become ever wealthier in material terms disproportionate rewards are bound to flow to the people who are instrumental in producing the increase in its wealth.
79. This doctrine22 has broadened the application of the Fourteenth Amendment23 to other, nonracial forms of discrimination, for while some justices have refused to find any legislative24 classification other than race to be constitutionally disfavored, most have been receptive to arguments that at least some nonracial discriminations, sexual discrimination in particular, are suspect and deserve this heightened scrutiny25 by the courts.
80. But as cameras become more sophisticated, more automated26, some photographers are tempted27 to disarm28 themselves or to suggest that they are not really armed, preferring to submit themselves to the limits imposed by premodern camera technology because a cruder, less high-powered machine is thought to give more interesting or emotive results, to have more room for creative accident.
第四部分(61-80句译文)
61、当然，对历史反应过度以致结论说关于扩张的问题大多数人都错了与重新形成对大陆漂浮建议理论的反应一样，是危险的。将来对于这些关键问题的研究毫无疑问是必要的，然而不应该否定最近研究结论的说服力，在18世纪的英格兰对于一些微不足道和有使用价值的商品和服务的需求，预示了我们今天的世界。
62、然而这种消费革命的情况还有疑问，三个关键的问题是：消费者是什么人他们的动机是什么对于奢侈品的新型需求的效果是什么
63、尽管从生产厂商和服务行业认为他们的顾客需要并实际生产的产品或者提供的服务来推断他是可能的。但只有对实际的消费者填写的个人资料的研究才能清楚地描述顾客的需求。
64、对于他们移民原因的细节，Grassy并不否认他们经常提出的事实-17世纪30年代的一些移民主要由组织家和牧师组成，提出了要离开的宗教解释，但他发现只是以回顾的方式推定的基本情况。
65、如果我们将1956年(当时的平均失业率为4、1%)的年龄和性别失业率分来用今天一般的劳动力中年龄性别比来计算的话，平均失业率就是5%了。
66、他很迷惑我并不想要明显的是所有美国人被教导长大后要追求的东西：金钱和权力。
67、除非生产力的增长出人意料的大，不然实际产出的扩大最终要开始减缓以适应经济的可持续发展，这样才能避免价格的综合需求压力。
68、然而，当投资基本上流向一个方面时，就像一般从工业化到一般发展中国家一样，看起来是基于双方资源的规定产生的收入损失主要由接收大量外国投资和创造大部分收益的国家来承担-即发展中国家一方。
69、尽可能没有政府干预地追求个人利益被看作为通往人类幸福的道路和进步，而不是像希腊人强调的集体社会中的公共义务与参与。
70、辩护律师依靠长期作用的准则来约束原告律师的行来：作为法庭的准司法人员，他们有责任不能过分起诉来偏见性对待一方的案子或者破坏法庭的公正气氛。
71、没有一个谨慎的人能按如下的假设行事：当陆地确定以后，一个政府并不能包括全部;当这种巨大的开销终于分裂为几个民族时，这看起来是不可避免的，人们就只能等待着争论，敌对和战争了。
72、如果他们认为人类进步的下一步必需是把普通人的智力水平和社会地位向着最受欢迎的方向提高的看法正确的话，他们至少要比欧洲超前三代接近那个目标。
73、他认识到如果不是我们的小贬文明每时每刻地破坏事实内部的和谐的话，诗人的诗歌就该已经奉献给了世界，而诗人也该被全人类关怀着，每个为大家做事的人都该被如此对待。
74、金钱购买给艺术的本能耻辱感如此强烈，以致可有时文人可以获得报酬却拒绝为其作品给予的报酬，Lord Byron有时因为尊贵的自豪而这么做，而Count Tolstoy则出于贵族的良知而尽力这么做。
75、也许他认为他批评美国的外支政策就会使他从联帮政府那里获得的对人权和的支持受到威胁。
76、Abraham Lincoln在1963年8月28日在他掌管的石头寺里解放了奴隶的孩子们，使用了正确的词语来总统对待华盛顿的黑人群众游行。
77、在Warren法庭时代，选民们要求法庭通过有关选区的大小和形状的问题，一方面因为出于绝望-没有什么其他的政府部门提供缓解的办法;一方面出于希望-法庭根据现代的生活条件来审视基本的宪法原则,像其他地区一样重新审查在这一地区的旧的规定。
78、有些人甚至看似事理地认为这一弱点无可补救：在任何一个在物质财富方面追求更加富裕的社会中，比如说资本主义社会，比例不均衡的回报肯定要流向那些在创造财富增长的过程中提供设备的人。
79、这一学说把十四修正案的应用扩大到了其他方面，由于一些法官拒绝用宪法来给除种族外的东西来进行法定分类予以否定，许多人觉得这一论点可以接受;至少有一些非种族的歧视，特别是性别歧视被怀疑要受法庭的仔细审查。
80、但由于照相机变得越来越精细，越来越自动化了，一些摄影师禁不住开始解除他们的装备或者说他们根本没什么装备，而倾向于运用那些非现代的照相技术，因为一架未成熟，力不大的机器被认为更加有趣或者说更能有情绪结果，给人更多的创作空间。
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